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POMy script works fine, but I'm confused about why I have to use utf8_decode()
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2012-03-22T19:06:20.867
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<p>I am confused about the behavior of utf8_decode() and just want a little clarification. I hope that's ok.</p> <p>Here's a simple HTML form that I'm using to capture some text and save it to my MySQL database (which uses the utf8_general_ci collation):</p> <pre><code><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> </head> <body> <form action="update.php" method="post" accept-charset="utf-8"> <p> Title: <input type="text" name="title" id="title" accept-charset="utf-8" size="75" value="" /> </p> <p> <input type="submit" name="submit" value="Submit" /> </p> </form> </body> </html> </code></pre> <p>As you can see I've got this coded up with charset=utf8 in the appropriate places. We accept text that includes diacritics (eg., ñ, ó, etc.). In the end, we run a little script on all text input to check for diacritics and change them to HTML entities (eg., ñ becomes &ntilde;). </p> <p>When input is received by my script, I first have to do utf8_decode($input) and then run my little script to check for and change diacritics as needed. Everything works fine. I'm curious as to why I have to run the decode on this input. I understand that utf8_decode converts a string encoded in UTF-8 to ISO-8859-1. I want to make sure - <em>even though everything works fine (or so I think)</em> - that I'm not doing something screwy that will catch up to me later. For instance, that I'm sending ISO-8859-1 encoded characters to be stored in my database that is set up to store/serve UTF-8 characters. Should I do something like run utf8_encode() on the string that my diacritics-to-entities script returns? Eg:</p> <pre><code>$string = utf8_decode($string); $search = explode(",","À,È,Ì,Ò,Ù,à,è,ì,ò,ù,Á,É,Í,Ó,Ú,Ý,á,é,í,ó,ú,ý,Â,Ê,Î,Ô,Û,â,ê,î,ô,û,Ã,Ñ,Õ,ã,ñ,õ,Ä,Ë,Ï,Ö,Ü,Ÿ,ä,ë,ï,ö,ü,ÿ,Å,å,Æ,æ,ß,Þ,þ,ç,Ç,Œ,œ,Ð,ð,Ø,ø,§,Š,š,µ,¢,£,¥,€,¤,ƒ,¡,¿"); $replace = explode(",","&Agrave;,&Egrave;,&Igrave;,&Ograve;,&Ugrave;,&agrave;,&egrave;,&igrave;,&ograve;,&ugrave;,&Aacute;,&Eacute;,&Iacute;,&Oacute;,&Uacute;,&Yacute;,&aacute;,&eacute;,&iacute;,&oacute;,&uacute;,&yacute;,&Acirc;,&Ecirc;,&Icirc;,&Ocirc;,&Ucirc;,&acirc;,&ecirc;,&icirc;,&ocirc;,&ucirc;,&Atilde;,Ntilde;,&Otilde;,&atilde;,&ntilde;,&otilde;,&Auml;,&Euml;,&Iuml;,&Ouml;,&Uuml;,&Yuml;,&auml;,&euml;,&iuml;,&ouml;,&uuml;,&yuml;,&Aring;,&aring;,&AElig;,&aelig;,&szlig;,&THORN;,&thorn;,&ccedil;,&Ccedil;,&OElig;,&oelig;,&ETH;,&eth;,&Oslash;,&oslash;,&sect;,&Scaron;,&scaron;,&micro;&cent;,&pound;,&yen;,&euro;,&curren;,&fnof;,&iexcl;,&iquest;"); $new_input = str_replace($search, $replace, $string); return utf8_encode($new_input); // right now i just return $new_input. </code></pre> <p>Appreciate any insight anyone has to offer about this.</p>
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My script works fine, but I'm confused about why I have to use utf8_decode()
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