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    <p>I know you got the issue solved already, but I still wanted to take a stab at this problem using the <a href="http://xom.nu/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">XOM</a> library that I'm currently testing out (related to <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/831865/what-java-xml-library-do-you-recommend-to-replace-dom4j">this question</a>), and while doing that, offer a different approach than that of Andreas_D's answer.</p> <p>(To simplify this example, I put your <code>&lt;alert-set&gt;</code> and <code>&lt;weather-set&gt;</code> into separate files, which I read into <a href="http://xom.nu/apidocs/nu/xom/Document.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>nu.xom.Document</code></a> instances.)</p> <pre><code>import nu.xom.*; [...] Builder builder = new Builder(); Document alertDoc = builder.build(new File("src/xomtest", "alertset.xml")); Document weatherDoc = builder.build(new File("src/xomtest", "weatherset.xml")); Document mainDoc = builder.build("&lt;DataSet&gt;&lt;blank/&gt;&lt;blank/&gt;&lt;/DataSet&gt;", ""); Element root = mainDoc.getRootElement(); root.replaceChild( root.getFirstChildElement("blank"), alertDoc.getRootElement().copy()); root.replaceChild( root.getFirstChildElement("blank"), weatherDoc.getRootElement().copy()); </code></pre> <p>The key is to make a copy of the elements to be inserted into <code>mainDoc</code>; otherwise you'll get a complain that "child already has a parent".</p> <p>Outputting mainDoc now gives:</p> <pre><code>&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?&gt; &lt;DataSet&gt; &lt;alert-set&gt; &lt;warning&gt;National Weather Service...&lt;/warning&gt; &lt;start-date&gt;5/19/2009&lt;/start-date&gt; &lt;end-date&gt;5/19/2009&lt;/end-date&gt; &lt;/alert-set&gt; &lt;weather-set&gt; &lt;chance-of-rain type="percent"&gt;31&lt;/chance-of-rain&gt; &lt;conditions&gt;Partly Cloudy&lt;/conditions&gt; &lt;temperature type="Fahrenheit"&gt;78&lt;/temperature&gt; &lt;/weather-set&gt; &lt;/DataSet&gt; </code></pre> <p>To my delight, this turned out to be very straight-forward to do with XOM. It only took a few minutes to write this, even though I'm definitely <em>not</em> very experienced with the library yet. (It would have been even easier without the <code>&lt;blank/&gt;</code> elements, i.e., starting with simply <code>&lt;DataSet&gt;&lt;/DataSet&gt;</code>.)</p> <p>So, unless you have compelling reasons for using only the standard JDK tools, I warmly recommend trying out XOM as it can make XML handling in Java much more pleasant.</p>
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    1. POJava appending XML docs to existing docs
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    1. COThanks a lot. I did end up doing it without the <blank/> elements since they were pointless... I was just trying to wrap my head around DOM. Building documents with XOM definitely looks easier than what I was doing. I'm an intern so I'm just getting my feet wet, but looking back I can already tell most of the code I wrote only a couple weeks ago is pretty ugly. I've since learned how to use XSLT and javax.xml.Transform and that has made things a lot easier. Thanks again for your reply and link to XOM. I am sure I'll be using it soon.
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    2. COGlad to be of help :) Without <blank/> elements, you'd just do root.appendChild(alertDoc.getRootElement().copy()) and so on. By the way, take a look at http://www.xom.nu/apidocs/nu/xom/xslt/XSLTransform.html to see if XOM might help you with XSLT too.
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