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POParsing command-line arguments?
 

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    <p>Hi I'm trying to write a program that can compare two files line by line, word by word, or character by character in C. It has to be able to read in command line options "-l -w -i or --"... if the option is -l it compares the files line by line. if the option is -w it compares the files word by word. if the options is -- it automatically assumes that the next arg is the first filename. and if the option is -i it compares them in a case insensitive manner. Otherwise it defaults to comparing the files character by character</p> <p>It's not supposed to matter how many time the options are input as long as -w and -l aren't inputted at the same time and there are no more or less than 2 files.</p> <p>I don't even know where to begin with parsing the command line arguments. PLEASE HELP :(</p> <p>So this is the code that I came up with for everything. I haven't error checked it quite yet, but I was wondering if I'm writing things in an overcomplicated manner?</p> <pre><code>/* * Functions to compare files. */ int compare_line(); int compare_word(); int compare_char(); int case_insens(); /* * Program to compare the information in two files and print message saying * whether or not this was successful. */ int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { /*Loop counter*/ size_t i = 0; /*Variables for functions*/ int caseIns = 0; int line = 0; int word = 0; /*File pointers*/ FILE *fp1, *fp2; /* * Read through command-line arguments for options. */ for (i = 1; i &lt; argc; i++) { printf("argv[%u] = %s\n", i, argv[i]); if (argv[i][0] == '-') { if (argv[i][1] == 'i') { caseIns = 1; } if (argv[i][1] == 'l') { line = 1; } if (argv[i][1] == 'w') { word = 1; } if (argv[i][1] == '-') { fp1 = argv[i][2]; fp2 = argv[i][3]; } else { printf("Invalid option."); return 2; } } else { fp1(argv[i]); fp2(argv[i][1]); } } /* * Check that files can be opened. */ if(((fp1 = fopen(fp1, "rb")) == NULL) || ((fp2 = fopen(fp2, "rb")) == NULL)) { perror("fopen()"); return 3; } else{ if (caseIns == 1) { if(line == 1 &amp;&amp; word == 1) { printf("That is invalid."); return 2; } if(line == 1 &amp;&amp; word == 0) { if(compare_line(case_insens(fp1, fp2)) == 0) return 0; } if(line == 0 &amp;&amp; word == 1) { if(compare_word(case_insens(fp1, fp2)) == 0) return 0; } else { if(compare_char(case_insens(fp1,fp2)) == 0) return 0; } } else { if(line == 1 &amp;&amp; word == 1) { printf("That is invalid."); return 2; } if(line == 1 &amp;&amp; word == 0) { if(compare_line(fp1, fp2) == 0) return 0; } if(line == 0 &amp;&amp; word == 1) { if(compare_word(fp1, fp2) == 0) return 0; } else { if(compare_char(fp1, fp2) == 0) return 0; } } } return 1; if(((fp1 = fclose(fp1)) == NULL) || (((fp2 = fclose(fp2)) == NULL))) { perror("fclose()"); return 3; } else { fp1 = fclose(fp1); fp2 = fclose(fp2); } } /* * Function to compare two files line-by-line. */ int compare_line(FILE *fp1, FILE *fp2) { /*Buffer variables to store the lines in the file*/ char buff1 [LINESIZE]; char buff2 [LINESIZE]; /*Check that neither is the end of file*/ while((!feof(fp1)) &amp;&amp; (!feof(fp2))) { /*Go through files line by line*/ fgets(buff1, LINESIZE, fp1); fgets(buff2, LINESIZE, fp2); } /*Compare files line by line*/ if(strcmp(buff1, buff2) == 0) { printf("Files are equal.\n"); return 0; } printf("Files are not equal.\n"); return 1; } /* * Function to compare two files word-by-word. */ int compare_word(FILE *fp1, FILE *fp2) { /*File pointers*/ FILE *fp1, *fp2; /*Arrays to store words*/ char fp1words[LINESIZE]; char fp2words[LINESIZE]; if(strtok(fp1, " ") == NULL || strtok(fp2, " ") == NULL) { printf("File is empty. Cannot compare.\n"); return 0; } else { fp1words = strtok(fp1, " "); fp2words = strtok(fp2, " "); if(fp1words == fp2words) { fputs(fp1words); fputs(fp2words); printf("Files are equal.\n"); return 0; } } return 1; } /* * Function to compare two files character by character. */ int compare_char(FILE *fp1,FILE *fp2) { /*Variables to store the characters from both files*/ int c; int d; /*Buffer variables to store chars*/ char buff1 [LINESIZE]; char buff2 [LINESIZE]; while(((c = fgetc(fp1))!= EOF) &amp;&amp; (((d = fgetc(fp2))!=EOF))) { if(c == d) { if((fscanf(fp1, "%c", buff1)) == (fscanf(fp2, "%c", buff2))) { printf("Files have equivalent characters.\n"); return 1; break; } } } return 0; } /* * Function to compare two files in a case-insensitive manner. */ int case_insens(FILE *fp1, FILE *fp2, size_t n) { /*Pointers for files.*/ FILE *fp1, *fp2; /*Variable to go through files.*/ size_t i = 0; /*Arrays to store file information.*/ char fp1store[LINESIZE]; char fp2store[LINESIZE]; while(!feof(fp1) &amp;&amp; !feof(fp2)) { for(i = 0; i &lt; n; i++) { fscanf(fp1, "%s", fp1store); fscanf(fp2, "%s", fp2store); fp1store = tolower(fp1store); fp2store = tolower(fp2store); return 1; } } return 0; } </code></pre>
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    1. COHow about `getopt(3)` ?
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    2. COI'm not quite sure how to use getopt()... I haven't learned about it yet in my class.
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    3. COSo, go and read the manual page for it; it is not very complex, and the manual page probably includes an example for you to experiment with (and if your local man page doesn't, you can certainly find examples on the web).
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