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    <p>“Web Site” projects in Visual Studio are a strange thing. They seem to be an attempt to cater to traditional web developers, where a “site” is just a set of files in a directory. In much the same way, when you make a “Web Site” project in Visual Studio, there is no real “project” file, like C# projects have a .csproj file. However, there is still a solution file (.sln). Normally, assembly .dll references are saved in the project file. Since a Web Site doesn’t have one, where do they go?</p> <p><strong>References to other projects</strong></p> <p>If you add a reference to another project, then an entry is made in the solution .sln file. It ends up looking like this:</p> <pre><code>Project("{E24C65DC-7377-472B-9ABA-BC803B73C61A}") = "WebSite1", "..\..\WebSites\WebSite1\", "{F25DB9D6-810D-4C18-ACBB-BFC420D33B20}" ProjectSection(WebsiteProperties) = preProject TargetFramework = "3.5" ProjectReferences = "{11666201-E9E8-4F5A-A7AB-93D90F3AD9DC}|ClassLibrary1.dll;" </code></pre> <p><strong>File System References</strong></p> <p>If you browse the file system and add a .dll file, then Visual Studio will create a “.refresh” file with the same name in the \Bin folder. This file is just a 1-line text file that indicates the path that the file was loaded from. So for example if I added “MyAssem.dll” from ....\libs, then in the Web Site \Bin folder, I would end up with 2 files copied there: MyAssem.dll and MyAssem.dll.refresh. The .refresh file would contain the text: “....\libs”. At each build, Visual Studio will check the path in the .refresh file, and if a newer .dll exists there, it will overwrite the one in the Bin directory.</p> <p>Warning: Visual Studio will NOT throw an error if the file does not exist where the .refresh file tells it to look. It will just continue to use the .dll already in the \Bin folder. It will however output a Warning.</p> <p><strong>GAC References</strong></p> <p>If you add an assembly from the Global Assembly Cache, Visual Studio will enter it in the Web.config file, like this:</p> <blockquote> <pre><code>&lt;compilation debug="false"&gt; &lt;assemblies&gt; &lt;add assembly="System.Core, Version=3.5.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=B77A5C561934E089"/&gt; </code></pre> </blockquote> <p>Again the thing you have to watch for here is that Visual Studio assumes that if the assembly was in the GAC on your development computer, then it will be in the same place at runtime! That can get you into trouble if you maybe have <code>Oracle.DataAccess</code> installed on your dev machine, which would put it in the GAC, but when you deploy, you just copy the .dll into place on the production machine. It will still try to find it int he GAC and may fail at runtime.</p> <p>I hope this helps clear up the oddities areund Web Sites and how references work!</p>
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    1. POVisual Studio Website Reference Paths
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    1. USCodingWithSpike
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    1. COVery helpful blog post about the subject. Thanks.
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    2. COUnfortunately the link seems to be no longer active.
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    3. CO@lgaud : oops sorry, I just deactivated my hosting that this was posted on this morning. I made a copy of it somewhere though... If I can find it, I will update my answer with the full text instead of a link.
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