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    <p>I'm working on the Rails tutorial and as follow the instructions, I always get the results expected but after finishing <a href="http://ruby.railstutorial.org/chapters/user-microposts#top" rel="nofollow">chapter 10</a>, I get the bellow errors and I can't find what it the issue is.</p> <pre><code>1) UsersController PUT 'update' authentication of edit/update pages for non-signed-in users should deny access to 'edit' Failure/Error: @user = Factory(:user) ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Email has already been taken # ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:259:in `block (4 levels) in &lt;top (required)&gt;' 2) UsersController PUT 'update' authentication of edit/update pages for non-signed-in users should deny access to 'update' Failure/Error: @user = Factory(:user) ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Email has already been taken # ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:259:in `block (4 levels) in &lt;top (required)&gt;' 3) UsersController PUT 'update' authentication of edit/update pages for signed-in users should require matching users for 'edit' Failure/Error: @user = Factory(:user) ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Email has already been taken # ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:259:in `block (4 levels) in &lt;top (required)&gt;' 4) UsersController PUT 'update' authentication of edit/update pages for signed-in users should require matching users for 'update' Failure/Error: @user = Factory(:user) ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid: Validation failed: Email has already been taken # ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:259:in `block (4 levels) in &lt;top (required)&gt;' 5) UsersController DELETE 'destroy' as a non-signed-in user should deny access Failure/Error: delete :destroy, :id =&gt; @user NoMethodError: undefined method `admin?' for nil:NilClass # ./app/controllers/users_controller.rb:68:in `admin_user' # ./spec/controllers/users_controller_spec.rb:303:in `block (4 levels) in &lt;top (required)&gt;' </code></pre> <p>the app runs well and the functionalities are done but the tests don't pass. Initially I thought there might be typos and then I double checked to see if I missed something but there was not luck...</p> <p>For reference this is my RSpec test:</p> <pre><code>describe "PUT 'update'" do before(:each) do @user = Factory(:user) test_sign_in(@user) end describe "failure" do before(:each) do @attr = { :email =&gt; "", :name =&gt; "", :password =&gt; "", :password_confirmation =&gt; "" } end it "should render the 'edit' page" do put :update, :id =&gt; @user, :user =&gt; @attr response.should render_template('edit') end it "should have the right title" do put :update, :id =&gt; @user, :user =&gt; @attr response.should have_selector("title", :content =&gt; "Edit user") end end describe "success" do before(:each) do @attr = { :name =&gt; "New Name", :email =&gt; "user@example.org", :password =&gt; "barbaz", :password_confirmation =&gt; "barbaz" } end it "should change the user's attributes" do put :update, :id =&gt; @user, :user =&gt; @attr @user.reload @user.name.should == @attr[:name] @user.email.should == @attr[:email] end it "should redirect to the user show page" do put :update, :id =&gt; @user, :user =&gt; @attr response.should redirect_to(user_path(@user)) end it "should have a flash message" do put :update, :id =&gt; @user, :user =&gt; @attr flash[:success].should =~ /updated/ end end describe "authentication of edit/update pages" do before(:each) do @user = Factory(:user) end describe "for non-signed-in users" do it "should deny access to 'edit'" do get :edit, :id =&gt; @user response.should redirect_to(signin_path) end it "should deny access to 'update'" do put :update, :id =&gt; @user, :user =&gt; {} response.should redirect_to(signin_path) end end describe "for signed-in users" do before(:each) do wrong_user = Factory(:user, :email =&gt; "user@example.net") test_sign_in(wrong_user) end it "should require matching users for 'edit'" do get :edit, :id =&gt; @user response.should redirect_to(root_path) end it "should require matching users for 'update'" do put :update, :id =&gt; @user, :user =&gt; {} response.should redirect_to(root_path) end end end end describe "DELETE 'destroy'" do before(:each) do @user = Factory(:user) end describe "as a non-signed-in user" do it "should deny access" do delete :destroy, :id =&gt; @user response.should redirect_to(signin_path) end end describe "as a non-admin user" do it "should protect the page" do test_sign_in(@user) delete :destroy, :id =&gt; @user response.should redirect_to(root_path) end end describe "as an admin user" do before(:each) do admin = Factory(:user, :email =&gt; "admin@example.com", :admin =&gt; true) test_sign_in(admin) end it "should destroy the user" do lambda do delete :destroy, :id =&gt; @user end.should change(User, :count).by(-1) end it "should redirect to the users page" do delete :destroy, :id =&gt; @user response.should redirect_to(users_path) end end end </code></pre> <p>And my user controller methods:</p> <pre><code>def update @user = User.find(params[:id]) if @user.update_attributes(params[:user]) flash[:success] = "Profile updated." redirect_to @user else @title = "Edit user" render 'edit' end end def destroy User.find(params[:id]).destroy flash[:success] = "User destroyed." redirect_to users_path end </code></pre> <p>Here is my factories.rb</p> <pre><code># By using the symbol ':user', we get Factory Girl to simulate the User model. Factory.define :user do |user| user.name "Michael Hartl" user.email "mhartl@example.com" user.password "foobar" user.password_confirmation "foobar" end Factory.sequence :name do |n| "Person #{n}" end Factory.sequence :email do |n| "person-#{n}@example.com" end </code></pre> <p>Any help would be GREATLY appreciated!!</p>
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