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    <p>Thanks for summary, makes it much easier to answer!</p> <blockquote> <p>What is the simplest (and best) way to shift a group of files from an existing repository to a new sub repository, so those files can be integrated with other parent repositories, some of which may not yet exist?</p> </blockquote> <p>You can use the <a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/ConvertExtension" rel="nofollow">convert extension</a> to extract a directory from an existing Mercurial repository. You'll want to use the <code>--filemap</code> flag and in the filemap you include the directory you want and rename it to the root. See <code>hg help convert</code> for more info.</p> <p>After you get a smaller repository with the </p> <blockquote> <p>Do files in subrepositories need to be in discrete folders, or can they exist alongside other files?</p> </blockquote> <p>They must be in their own folders. This is simply because that's how a repository looks like in Mercurial, Git, Subversion, ... When you're dealing with <a href="http://mercurial.selenic.com/wiki/Subrepository" rel="nofollow">subrepositories</a>, then Mercurial is not tracking the files inside the subrepo: it's just asking some (other) system to make a checkout of repository <code>foo</code> at some location.</p> <p>So when your <code>.hgsub</code> file has</p> <pre><code>foo = foo bar = [git]bar baz = [svn]baz </code></pre> <p>then Mercurial will notice this on <code>hg update</code> and run</p> <pre><code>hg clone default-path-of-this-repo/foo foo git clone default-path-of-this-repo/bar bar svn checkout default-path-of-this-repo/baz baz </code></pre> <p>for your. This explains why subrepostories are directories in the outer repository: that's simply what a clone/checkout looks like these days.</p> <p>As you can see, subrepositories can be of different types. It's conceivable that someone could add a RCS subrepository type for tracking individual files. They would then not have to live in a directory.</p>
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