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    <p>If you're able to use the latest version (5.1.3), the API to extract <code>FlateDecode</code> and other image types has been simplified using the <code>iTextSharp.text.pdf.parser</code> namespace. Basically you use a <a href="http://api.itextpdf.com/itext/com/itextpdf/text/pdf/parser/PdfReaderContentParser.html" rel="nofollow">PdfReaderContentParser</a> to help you parse the PDF document, then you implement the <a href="http://api.itextpdf.com/itext/com/itextpdf/text/pdf/parser/RenderListener.html" rel="nofollow">IRenderListener</a> interface specifically (in this case) to deal with images. Here's a working example HTTP handler:</p> <pre><code>&lt;%@ WebHandler Language="C#" Class="bmpExtract" %&gt; using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.IO; using System.Web; using iTextSharp.text; using iTextSharp.text.pdf; using iTextSharp.text.pdf.parser; public class bmpExtract : IHttpHandler { public void ProcessRequest (HttpContext context) { HttpServerUtility Server = context.Server; HttpResponse Response = context.Response; PdfReader reader = new PdfReader(Server.MapPath("./bmp.pdf")); PdfReaderContentParser parser = new PdfReaderContentParser(reader); MyImageRenderListener listener = new MyImageRenderListener(); for (int i = 1; i &lt;= reader.NumberOfPages; i++) { parser.ProcessContent(i, listener); } for (int i = 0; i &lt; listener.Images.Count; ++i) { string path = Server.MapPath("./" + listener.ImageNames[i]); using (FileStream fs = new FileStream( path, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write )) { fs.Write(listener.Images[i], 0, listener.Images[i].Length); } } } public bool IsReusable { get { return false; } } public class MyImageRenderListener : IRenderListener { public void RenderText(TextRenderInfo renderInfo) { } public void BeginTextBlock() { } public void EndTextBlock() { } public List&lt;byte[]&gt; Images = new List&lt;byte[]&gt;(); public List&lt;string&gt; ImageNames = new List&lt;string&gt;(); public void RenderImage(ImageRenderInfo renderInfo) { PdfImageObject image = null; try { image = renderInfo.GetImage(); if (image == null) return; ImageNames.Add(string.Format( "Image{0}.{1}", renderInfo.GetRef().Number, image.GetFileType() )); using (MemoryStream ms = new MemoryStream(image.GetImageAsBytes())) { Images.Add(ms.ToArray()); } } catch (IOException ie) { /* * pass-through; image type not supported by iText[Sharp]; e.g. jbig2 */ } } } } </code></pre> <p>The iText[Sharp] development team is still working on the implementation, so I can't say for sure if it will work in <em>your</em> case. But it does work on <a href="http://goo.gl/IYPDH" rel="nofollow">this simple example PDF</a>. (used above and with a couple of other PDFs I tried with bitmap images)</p> <p><strong>EDIT</strong>: I've been experimenting with the new API too and made a mistake in the original code example above. Should have initialized the <code>PdfImageObject</code> to null <strong>outside</strong> the <code>try..catch</code> block. Correction made above.</p> <p>Also, when I use the above code on an unsupported image type, (e.g. jbig2) I get a different Exception - "The color depth XX is not supported", where "XX" is a number. And iTextSharp <strong>does</strong> support <code>FlateDecode</code> in all the examples I've tried. (but that's not helping you in <em>this</em> case, I know)</p> <p>Is the PDF produced by third-party software? (non-Adobe) From what I've read in the book, some third-party vendors produce PDFs that aren't completely up to spec, and iText[Sharp] can't deal with some of these PDFs, while Adobe products can. IIRC I've seen cases specific to some PDFs generated by Crystal Reports on the iText mailing list that caused problems, <a href="http://www.mail-archive.com/itext-questions@lists.sourceforge.net/msg41209.html" rel="nofollow">here's one thread</a>.</p> <p>Is there any way you can generate a test PDF with the software you're using with some non-sensitive <code>FlateDecode</code> image(s)? Then maybe someone here could help a little better.</p>
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    1. POWhy is my image distorted when decoding as FlateDecode using iTextSharp?
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    1. COI had tried this initially but recall running into an issue. I just gave it a spin again and when I call renderInfo.GetImage() an `IndexOutOfRangeException` surfaces. I have updated the question accordingly. The fact that the initial byte[] length was off by one when taking the width*height/8 of the image makes me a bit suspect that this may be the cause of the exception as well.
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    2. COUpdated code example and added some additional thoughts. See above.
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    3. COI attempted to use bigsan's solution first and it worked. As noted in the comment, the colors are inverted but otherwise it's perfect.
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