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    <p>Actually, some schools already do it this way around. Where I study (University of Copenhagen), they teach SML in the first semester, as an intro to programming. Then they teach Java afterwards, as an intro to OOP.</p> <p>I think it works extremely well, and I agree with you it's better than the other way around. Functional programming is fairly intuitive to someone who's not (yet) a programmer. It maps much better to what we were taught as math in high school or earlier, so people who have not yet been exposed to imperative programming usually pick it up without too much trouble.</p> <p>In fact, there's a trend that people who are new to programming when they enroll pick SML up <em>faster</em> than those who've already learned Java or C++.</p> <p>It seems like there's a big conceptual jump in going from imperative to functional, but the reverse seems much easier to most. Students generally don't find Java difficult when they're exposed to that after learning SML. Once you know about the "pure" concepts of programming, gluing on side effects is fairly straightforward. But if your entire understanding of programming is based in side effects, it's much harder to imagine that anything is possible <em>without</em> them.</p> <p>I think a big benefit of this approach is that functional programming principles become an essential part of your programming toolbox, rather than some esoteric add-on you might use if you want to show off. Even when programming in imperative languages, I think there's a benefit in having your background in a functional language. Even when programming in something as low-level as C, there's a benefit to thinking about minimizing state and side effects, and being used to the concept of higher-order functions (even though they're not available in the language)</p>
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    1. COMy own experience as a student was Scheme first, then C, then OCaml (compiler course) and not so good OO in Java. Scheme was great, as complete beginners we got to do fun stuff like an inference system or symbolic calculus. I've been teaching C as a beginner language (I don't control that choice, yet) and state IS a difficulty for a number of students. But the biggest problem is conceptual noise. C is OK-ish but hard, Java is worse. Minimal syntax and semantics like Scheme or Smalltalk work really well for introductory courses. For advanced OO I'd pick Smalltalk or Eiffel over anything else.
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      1. USDamien Pollet
 

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