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    <p>@Marcelo is absolutely right and I'd like to just expand on his answer a little bit.</p> <p>The OS will determine where and when the threads the comprise the application execution depending on what else is going on in the system and the available resources. Each application will run in it's own process and that process can have <a href="http://blogs.msdn.com/b/oldnewthing/archive/2005/07/29/444912.aspx" rel="nofollow">hundereds or thousands of threads</a>. The OS (Windows, Linux, Mac whatever) will switch the execution context of the processing cores to ensure that all applications and services get a slice of the pie.</p> <p>As for I/O access to such things as RAM that is physically controlled by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northbridge_%28computing%29" rel="nofollow">NorthBridge Controller</a> that sits on your motherboard. Each <em>process</em> (not processor!) will have an allocated amount of RAM that it can deal with that can expand or contract over the lifetime of the application... this of course is limited to the amount of resources available on the system, and also worth noting the OS will take care of swapping RAM requests beyond it's physically availability to disk (i.e. Virtual RAM). On the other hand though you will need to coordinate access to memory within your application through the use of <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/magazine/cc164040.aspx" rel="nofollow">critical sections</a> and other thread synchronising mechanisms. </p> <p>OpenMP is a library that helps you write multithreaded parellel applications and makes the syntax of keeping threads in sync easier.... I would comment more, but it's been quite a while since I've used it and I'm sure someone could give a better explaination.</p>
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