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POWhy won't my project link without cleaning?
 

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  1. POWhy won't my project link without cleaning?
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    <p>I am just getting started with makefiles, and I have written one for my project that has two targets. If I run a new make everything works fine. But if I don't clean after that, and I edit and save one source file, for example, and then I run make again, my project only compiles the source file I edited and then makes no attempt to link my sources into a new executable. </p> <p>In other words: The first time I run make I get <code>$(CC) -c &lt;sourcefile&gt;</code> for each source, and then <code>$(CC) -o &lt;sourceobject1&gt; &lt;sourceobject2&gt;...</code> and everything works. But if I then go and edit a sourcefile, and try to make again, I just get <code>$(CC) -c &lt;editedsourcefile&gt;</code>, and no linking after that! At least make is not trying to compile all my source files again, but why isn't it linking me a new executable? Is this the expected behavior?</p> <p>Bonus question: Is there a nicer way to move my object files into a subdirectory than sticking <code>mv *.o</code> at the top of my target rule? I have looked at <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5178125/gnu-make-how-to-get-object-files-in-separate-subdirectory">this answer</a>, but I didn't understand what was going on and couldn't figure out how to adapt it to my case with two targets.</p> <p>Here is my makefile:</p> <pre><code>CC = clang++ OPTFLAGS = -O3 -flto -m64 CFLAGS = -Wall -c $(OPTFLAGS) LFLAGS = -Wall $(OPTFLAGS) MAKE = make RM = \rm -f TARGET-DIR = build OBJ-DIR = $(TARGET-DIR)/obj OBJS = $(addprefix $(OBJ-DIR)/, MCTS.o NodePool.o Node.o FastMath.o \ Board.o Patterns.o FastSet.o FastHash.o FastHash2.o FastHashMap.o) GTP-OBJS = $(addprefix $(OBJ-DIR)/, GtpPlayer.o) GTP-TARGET = $(TARGET-DIR)/go-gtp TEST-OBJS = $(addprefix $(OBJ-DIR)/, TestsMain.o MCTSTests.o NodePoolTests.o \ NodeTests.o FastMathTests.o BoardTests.o FastSetTests.o \ FastHashTests.o FastHash2Tests.o FastHashMapTests.o) TEST-TARGET = $(TARGET-DIR)/go-test .PHONY : all all : $(GTP-TARGET) $(TEST-TARGET) $(GTP-TARGET) : $(GTP-OBJS) $(OBJS) mv *.o $(OBJ-DIR) $(CC) $(LFLAGS) $(GTP-OBJS) $(OBJS) -o $(GTP-TARGET) $(OBJ-DIR)/GtpPlayer.o : GtpPlayer.hpp GtpPlayer.cpp mcts/MCTS.hpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) GtpPlayer.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/MCTS.o : mcts/MCTS.hpp mcts/MCTS.cpp mcts/NodePool.hpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) mcts/MCTS.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/NodePool.o : mcts/NodePool.hpp mcts/NodePool.cpp mcts/Node.hpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) mcts/NodePool.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/Node.o : mcts/Node.hpp mcts/Node.cpp mcts/FastMath.hpp board/Board.hpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) mcts/Node.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/FastMath.o : mcts/FastMath.hpp mcts/FastMath.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) mcts/FastMath.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/Board.o : board/Board.hpp board/Board.cpp board/Patterns.hpp struct/FastSet.hpp struct/FastHash.hpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) board/Board.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/Patterns.o : board/Patterns.hpp board/Patterns.cpp struct/FastHash2.hpp struct/FastHashMap.hpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) board/Patterns.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/FastSet.o : struct/FastSet.hpp struct/FastSet.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) struct/FastSet.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/FastHash.o : struct/FastHash.hpp struct/FastHash.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) struct/FastHash.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/FastHash2.o : struct/FastHash2.hpp struct/FastHash2.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) struct/FastHash2.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/FastHashMap.o : struct/FastHashMap.hpp struct/FastHashMap.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) struct/FastHashMap.cpp $(TEST-TARGET) : $(TEST-OBJS) $(OBJS) mv *.o $(OBJ-DIR) $(CC) $(LFLAGS) $(TEST-OBJS) $(OBJS) -o $(TEST-TARGET) $(OBJ-DIR)/TestsMain.o : test/TestsMain.cpp test/MCTSTests.hpp test/NodePoolTests.hpp \ test/NodeTests.hpp test/FastMathTests.hpp test/BoardTests.hpp \ test/FastSetTests.hpp test/FastHashTests.hpp test/FastHash2Tests.hpp test/FastHashMapTests.hpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) test/TestsMain.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/MCTSTests.o : test/MCTSTests.hpp test/MCTSTests.cpp mcts/MCTS.hpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) test/MCTSTests.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/NodePoolTests.o : test/NodePoolTests.hpp test/NodePoolTests.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) test/NodePoolTests.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/NodeTests.o : test/NodeTests.hpp test/NodeTests.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) test/NodeTests.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/FastMathTests.o : test/FastMathTests.hpp test/FastMathTests.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) test/FastMathTests.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/BoardTests.o : test/BoardTests.hpp test/BoardTests.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) test/BoardTests.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/FastSetTests.o : test/FastSetTests.hpp test/FastSetTests.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) test/FastSetTests.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/FastHashTests.o : test/FastHashTests.hpp test/FastHashTests.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) test/FastHashTests.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/FastHash2Tests.o : test/FastHash2Tests.hpp test/FastHash2Tests.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) test/FastHash2Tests.cpp $(OBJ-DIR)/FastHashMapTests.o : test/FastHashMapTests.hpp test/FastHashMapTests.cpp $(CC) $(CFLAGS) test/FastHashMapTests.cpp .PHONY : clean clean : $(RM) $(OBJ-DIR)/*.o .PHONY : distclean distclean : $(MAKE) clean $(RM) $(GTP-TARGET) $(TEST-TARGET) .PHONY : again again: $(MAKE) distclean $(MAKE) $(GTP-TARGET) $(MAKE) $(TEST-TARGET) .PHONY : tar tar: tar cfv $(GTP-TARGET).tar $(GTP-OBJS) $(OBJS) tar cfv $(TEST-TARGET).tar $(TEST-OBJS) $(OBJS) </code></pre> <p>Example output:</p> <pre><code>$ make clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 GtpPlayer.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 mcts/MCTS.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 mcts/NodePool.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 mcts/Node.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 mcts/FastMath.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 board/Board.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 board/Patterns.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 struct/FastSet.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 struct/FastHash.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 struct/FastHash2.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 struct/FastHashMap.cpp mv *.o build/obj clang++ -Wall -O3 -flto -m64 build/obj/GtpPlayer.o build/obj/MCTS.o build/obj/NodePool.o build/obj/Node.o build/obj/FastMath.o build/obj/Board.o build/obj/Patterns.o build/obj/FastSet.o build/obj/FastHash.o build/obj/FastHash2.o build/obj/FastHashMap.o -o build/go-gtp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 test/TestsMain.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 test/MCTSTests.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 test/NodePoolTests.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 test/NodeTests.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 test/FastMathTests.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 test/BoardTests.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 test/FastSetTests.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 test/FastHashTests.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 test/FastHash2Tests.cpp clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 test/FastHashMapTests.cpp mv *.o build/obj clang++ -Wall -O3 -flto -m64 build/obj/TestsMain.o build/obj/MCTSTests.o build/obj/NodePoolTests.o build/obj/NodeTests.o build/obj/FastMathTests.o build/obj/BoardTests.o build/obj/FastSetTests.o build/obj/FastHashTests.o build/obj/FastHash2Tests.o build/obj/FastHashMapTests.o build/obj/MCTS.o build/obj/NodePool.o build/obj/Node.o build/obj/FastMath.o build/obj/Board.o build/obj/Patterns.o build/obj/FastSet.o build/obj/FastHash.o build/obj/FastHash2.o build/obj/FastHashMap.o -o build/go-test </code></pre> <p>Now if I edit and save Board.cpp for example and run make again, I get this:</p> <pre><code>$ make clang++ -Wall -c -O3 -flto -m64 board/Board.cpp </code></pre> <p>What happened to the linking command? I want a new target!</p>
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    1. COWhy are you moving the `*.o` files around? What if you try your makefile without that moving? (Obviously you'd have to change several things to make it work.) That's definitely a nonstandard way to do things. Solutions I've seen to the "I want my `.o` files somewhere else" problem usually involve telling the compiler to generate them directly in that place, rather than moving them around in the makefile (which is bound to confuse make).
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      1. POWhy won't my project link without cleaning?
      1. USGreg Hewgill
    2. CONot related, but you can simplify most of your rules into `$(OBJ_DIR)/%.0: test/%.hpp test/%.cpp`.
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      1. POWhy won't my project link without cleaning?
      1. USMaxpm
    3. COif you add `-o $@` to your compiler commands, they'll automatically emit objects into your object directory (because your targets expect it: `$(OBJ-DIR)/FastHash2.o`). That will let you remove the `mv` command that I think is giving you extra trouble. I'm not entirely sure how to fix the linker problem, but I think moving the entire Makefile to list only the dependencies will help make that easier to spot.
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      1. POWhy won't my project link without cleaning?
      1. USsarnold
 

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