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    <p>Answered my own question: I had to pass this problem to my colleague and he got it to work! I never had the chance to analyze my original problem but I thought, I'd post it here for the sake of completeness. The following method is called from within an NSThread. Parameters are set via the 'threadDictionary' and he created a custom delegate to transmit progress feedback (sorry, SO doesn't understand the formatting properly, the following is supposed to be one block of method implementation):</p> <pre><code>- (void)encodeToAAC { RXAudioEncoderStatusType encoderStatus; OSStatus result = noErr; BOOL success = NO; BOOL cancelled = NO; UInt32 size; ExtAudioFileRef sourceAudioFile,destAudioFile; AudioStreamBasicDescription sourceFormat,outputFormat, clientFormat; SInt64 totalFrames; unsigned long long encodedBytes, totalBytes; int bufferSizeInFrames, bufferSize; UInt8 * buffer; AudioBufferList bufferList; NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSFileManager * fileManager = [[[NSFileManager alloc] init] autorelease]; NSMutableDictionary * threadDict = [[NSThread currentThread] threadDictionary]; NSObject&lt;RXAudioEncodingDelegate&gt; * delegate = (NSObject&lt;RXAudioEncodingDelegate&gt; *)[threadDict objectForKey:@"Delegate"]; NSString *sourcePath = (NSString *)[threadDict objectForKey:@"SourcePath"]; NSString *destPath = (NSString *)[threadDict objectForKey:@"DestinationPath"]; NSURL * sourceURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:sourcePath]; NSURL * destURL = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:destPath]; // Open a source audio file. result = ExtAudioFileOpenURL( (CFURLRef)sourceURL, &amp;sourceAudioFile ); if( result != noErr ) { DLog( @"Error in ExtAudioFileOpenURL: %ld", result ); goto bailout; } // Get the source data format size = sizeof( sourceFormat ); result = ExtAudioFileGetProperty( sourceAudioFile, kExtAudioFileProperty_FileDataFormat, &amp;size, &amp;sourceFormat ); if( result != noErr ) { DLog( @"Error in ExtAudioFileGetProperty: %ld", result ); goto bailout; } // Define the output format (AAC). memset(&amp;outputFormat, 0, sizeof(outputFormat)); outputFormat.mFormatID = kAudioFormatMPEG4AAC; outputFormat.mSampleRate = 44100; outputFormat.mFormatFlags = kMPEG4Object_AAC_Main; outputFormat.mChannelsPerFrame = 2; outputFormat.mBitsPerChannel = 0; outputFormat.mBytesPerFrame = 0; outputFormat.mBytesPerPacket = 0; outputFormat.mFramesPerPacket = 1024; // Use AudioFormat API to fill out the rest of the description. //size = sizeof( outputFormat ); //AudioFormatGetProperty( kAudioFormatProperty_FormatInfo, 0, NULL, &amp;size, &amp;outputFormat); // Make a destination audio file with this output format. result = ExtAudioFileCreateWithURL( (CFURLRef)destURL, kAudioFileM4AType, &amp;outputFormat, NULL, kAudioFileFlags_EraseFile, &amp;destAudioFile ); if( result != noErr ) { DLog( @"Error creating destination file: %ld", result ); goto bailout; } // Create the canonical PCM client format. memset(&amp;clientFormat, 0, sizeof(clientFormat)); clientFormat.mSampleRate = sourceFormat.mSampleRate; clientFormat.mFormatID = kAudioFormatLinearPCM; clientFormat.mFormatFlags = kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsSignedInteger | kLinearPCMFormatFlagIsPacked; //kAudioFormatFlagIsPacked | kAudioFormatFlagIsSignedInteger; clientFormat.mChannelsPerFrame = 2; clientFormat.mBitsPerChannel = 16; clientFormat.mBytesPerFrame = 4; clientFormat.mBytesPerPacket = 4; clientFormat.mFramesPerPacket = 1; // Set the client format in source and destination file. size = sizeof( clientFormat ); result = ExtAudioFileSetProperty( sourceAudioFile, kExtAudioFileProperty_ClientDataFormat, size, &amp;clientFormat ); if( result != noErr ) { DLog( @"Error while setting client format in source file: %ld", result ); goto bailout; } size = sizeof( clientFormat ); result = ExtAudioFileSetProperty( destAudioFile, kExtAudioFileProperty_ClientDataFormat, size, &amp;clientFormat ); if( result != noErr ) { DLog( @"Error while setting client format in destination file: %ld", result ); goto bailout; } // Make a buffer bufferSizeInFrames = 8000; bufferSize = ( bufferSizeInFrames * sourceFormat.mBytesPerFrame ); buffer = (UInt8 *)malloc( bufferSize ); bufferList.mNumberBuffers = 1; bufferList.mBuffers[0].mNumberChannels = clientFormat.mChannelsPerFrame; bufferList.mBuffers[0].mData = buffer; bufferList.mBuffers[0].mDataByteSize = ( bufferSize ); // Obtain total number of audio frames to encode size = sizeof( totalFrames ); result = ExtAudioFileGetProperty( sourceAudioFile, kExtAudioFileProperty_FileLengthFrames, &amp;size, &amp;totalFrames ); if( result != noErr ) { DLog( @"Error in ExtAudioFileGetProperty, could not get kExtAudioFileProperty_FileLengthFrames from sourceFile: %ld", result ); goto bailout; } encodedBytes = 0; totalBytes = totalFrames * sourceFormat.mBytesPerFrame; [threadDict setValue:[NSValue value:&amp;totalBytes withObjCType:@encode(unsigned long long)] forKey:@"TotalBytes"]; if (delegate != nil) [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(didStartEncoding) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:NO]; while( TRUE ) { // Try to fill the buffer to capacity. UInt32 framesRead = bufferSizeInFrames; result = ExtAudioFileRead( sourceAudioFile, &amp;framesRead, &amp;bufferList ); if( result != noErr ) { DLog( @"Error in ExtAudioFileRead: %ld", result ); success = NO; break; } // 0 frames read means EOF. if( framesRead == 0 ) { success = YES; break; } // Write. result = ExtAudioFileWrite( destAudioFile, framesRead, &amp;bufferList ); if( result != noErr ) { DLog( @"Error in ExtAudioFileWrite: %ld", result ); success = NO; break; } encodedBytes += framesRead * sourceFormat.mBytesPerFrame; if (delegate != nil) [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(didEncodeBytes:) withObject:[NSValue value:&amp;encodedBytes withObjCType:@encode(unsigned long long)] waitUntilDone:NO]; if ([[NSThread currentThread] isCancelled]) { cancelled = YES; DLog( @"Encoding was cancelled." ); success = NO; break; } } free( buffer ); // Close the files. ExtAudioFileDispose( sourceAudioFile ); ExtAudioFileDispose( destAudioFile ); bailout: encoderStatus.result = result; [threadDict setValue:[NSValue value:&amp;encoderStatus withObjCType:@encode(RXAudioEncoderStatusType)] forKey:@"EncodingError"]; // Report to the delegate if one exists if (delegate != nil) if (success) [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(didEncodeFile) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES]; else if (cancelled) [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(encodingCancelled) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES]; else [self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(failedToEncodeFile) withObject:nil waitUntilDone:YES]; // Clear the partially encoded file if encoding failed or is cancelled midway if ((cancelled || !success) &amp;&amp; [fileManager fileExistsAtPath:destPath]) [fileManager removeItemAtURL:destURL error:NULL]; [threadDict setValue:[NSNumber numberWithBool:NO] forKey:@"isEncoding"]; [pool release]; } </code></pre>
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    1. POHow can I get AAC encoding with ExtAudioFile on iOS to work?
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    1. COLooks good, why not mark this as the correct answer?
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