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POStruggling - yet another memory corruption problem, bad alloc (C++, VS 2008)
 

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  1. POStruggling - yet another memory corruption problem, bad alloc (C++, VS 2008)
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    <p>I've read a lot of posts on memory corruption and it seems like it can be a considerably difficult problem to solve. When I run my code on my linux machine it executes fine and valgrind doesn't report any leaks or errors. However when I run the code on my lab's windows machine with VS2008, I get a bad alloc error, stopping with _RAISE(nomem). This seems strange to me because I would have expected valgrind to catch it.</p> <pre><code>void *__CRTDECL operator new(size_t size) _THROW1(_STD bad_alloc) { // try to allocate size bytes void *p; while ((p = malloc(size)) == 0) if (_callnewh(size) == 0) { // report no memory static const std::bad_alloc nomem; _RAISE(nomem); } return (p); } </code></pre> <p>From what I've read it seems like this problem often comes from writing past the end of an allocated block of memory or after it has been freed but I haven't had any luck identifying where that might be happening. Here's my call stack from after trying to run a Release build.</p> <pre><code>KernelBase.dll!_RaiseException@16() + 0x58 bytes msvcr90.dll!_CxxThrowException(void * pExceptionObject=0x0040f6d4, const _s__ThrowInfo * pThrowInfo=0x6f63d604) Line 161 C++ msvcr90.dll!operator new(unsigned int size=4) Line 63 + 0x17 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::vector&lt;unsigned char,std::allocator&lt;unsigned char&gt; &gt;::vector&lt;unsigned char,std::allocator&lt;unsigned char&gt; &gt;(const std::vector&lt;unsigned char,std::allocator&lt;unsigned char&gt; &gt; &amp; _Right=[...]()) Line 500 + 0x31 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!DendriteSegment::DendriteSegment(const DendriteSegment &amp; __that={...}) + 0x4a bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::list&lt;DendriteSegment,std::allocator&lt;DendriteSegment&gt; &gt;::_Buynode(std::_List_nod&lt;DendriteSegment,std::allocator&lt;DendriteSegment&gt; &gt;::_Node * _Next=0x005d84d0, std::_List_nod&lt;DendriteSegment,std::allocator&lt;DendriteSegment&gt; &gt;::_Node * _Prev=0x0093af50, const DendriteSegment &amp; _Val={...}) Line 1208 C++ tempMem.exe!TP::adaptSegments(Cell * &amp; cellToAdapt=0x005d8450, std::list&lt;segUpdate,std::allocator&lt;segUpdate&gt; &gt; &amp; segUpdateList=[1]({segToUpdate=0x00000000 synapseChanges=[0]() newSynapsesToAdd=[2](0x005bc8f8 {DSlist=[19]({sequenceSegment=true synapse=[3](0x005d79a0 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d7af8 currentState=0x005d79c0 ...},0x005d7ef8 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d8050 currentState=0x005d7f18 ...},0x005d8450 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d85a8 currentState=0x005d8470 ...}) permanence=[3](80 'P',80 'P',80 'P') ...},. ), bool posReinforce=true) Line 701 + 0x1b bytes C++ tempMem.exe!Level::TPlearning() Line 236 + 0x26 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!main(int argc=, char * * argv=) Line 96 C++ msvcr90.dll!_encode_pointer(void * ptr=0x6f5d3607) Line 114 + 0x5 bytes C 0069ee20() msvcr90.dll!_initterm(void (void)* * pfbegin=0x00000001, void (void)* * pfend=0x000a1ef8) Line 903 C tempMem.exe!__tmainCRTStartup() Line 582 + 0x17 bytes C kernel32.dll!@BaseThreadInitThunk@12() + 0x12 bytes ntdll.dll!___RtlUserThreadStart@8() + 0x27 bytes ntdll.dll!__RtlUserThreadStart@8() + 0x1b bytes </code></pre> <p>When running a debugging session I get a different error (it doesn't seem to happen all the time though...)</p> <pre><code>return HeapAlloc(_crtheap, 0, size ? size : 1); </code></pre> <p>from here</p> <pre><code>#ifdef _WIN64 return HeapAlloc(_crtheap, 0, size ? size : 1); #else /* _WIN64 */ if (__active_heap == __SYSTEM_HEAP) { return HeapAlloc(_crtheap, 0, size ? size : 1); } else if ( __active_heap == __V6_HEAP ) { if (pvReturn = V6_HeapAlloc(size)) { return pvReturn; } } </code></pre> <p>In this case the call stack is</p> <pre><code> ntdll.dll!_RtlpBreakPointHeap@4() + 0x23 bytes ntdll.dll!@RtlpAllocateHeap@24() + 0x57dbc bytes ntdll.dll!_RtlAllocateHeap@12() + 0x502a bytes ntdll.dll!_RtlDebugAllocateHeap@12() + 0xb5 bytes ntdll.dll!@RtlpAllocateHeap@24() + 0x57c17 bytes ntdll.dll!_RtlAllocateHeap@12() + 0x502a bytes msvcr90d.dll!_heap_alloc_base(unsigned int size=38) Line 105 + 0x28 bytes C msvcr90d.dll!_heap_alloc_dbg_impl(unsigned int nSize=2, int nBlockUse=1, const char * szFileName=0x00000000, int nLine=0, int * errno_tmp=0x0052f284) Line 427 + 0x9 bytes C++ msvcr90d.dll!_nh_malloc_dbg_impl(unsigned int nSize=2, int nhFlag=0, int nBlockUse=1, const char * szFileName=0x00000000, int nLine=0, int * errno_tmp=0x0052f284) Line 239 + 0x19 bytes C++ msvcr90d.dll!_nh_malloc_dbg(unsigned int nSize=2, int nhFlag=0, int nBlockUse=1, const char * szFileName=0x00000000, int nLine=0) Line 296 + 0x1d bytes C++ msvcr90d.dll!malloc(unsigned int nSize=2) Line 56 + 0x15 bytes C++ msvcr90d.dll!operator new(unsigned int size=2) Line 59 + 0x9 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::_Allocate(unsigned int _Count=2) Line 43 + 0xc bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::allocator&lt;uint8_t&gt;::allocate(unsigned int _Count=2) Line 145 + 0x13 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::::_Buy(unsigned int _Capacity=2) Line 1115 + 0x14 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::::vector(const std::vector&lt;uint8_t, std::allocator&lt;uint8_t&gt; &gt; &amp; _Right=[2](80 'P',80 'P')) Line 501 + 0x2b bytes C++ tempMem.exe!DendriteSegment::DendriteSegment() + 0x8b bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::_Construct(DendriteSegment * _Ptr=0x007e7490, const DendriteSegment &amp; _Val={...}) Line 52 + 0x97 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::allocator&lt;DendriteSegment&gt;::construct(DendriteSegment * _Ptr=0x007e7490, const DendriteSegment &amp; _Val={...}) Line 155 + 0x15 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::::_Buynode(std::_List_nod&lt;DendriteSegment, std::allocator&lt;DendriteSegment&gt; &gt;::_Node * _Next=0x00637f60, std::_List_nod&lt;DendriteSegment, std::allocator&lt;DendriteSegment&gt; &gt;::_Node * _Prev=0x00bfcb50, const DendriteSegment &amp; _Val={...}) Line 1199 + 0x47 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::::_Insert(std::list&lt;DendriteSegment, std::allocator&lt;DendriteSegment&gt; &gt;::_Const_iterator&lt;1&gt; _Where={sequenceSegment=true synapse=[0]() permanence=[0]() ...}, const DendriteSegment &amp; _Val={...}) Line 718 + 0x65 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!std::::push_back(const DendriteSegment &amp; _Val={...}) Line 670 + 0x6f bytes C++ tempMem.exe!TP::adaptSegments(Cell * &amp; cellToAdapt=0x00637ee8, std::list&lt;segUpdate, std::allocator&lt;segUpdate&gt; &gt; &amp; segUpdateList=[1](...), bool posReinforce=true) Line 701 + 0x16 bytes C++ tempMem.exe!TP::phase3() Line 949 + 0x3e bytes C++ tempMem.exe!Col::TPphase3() Line 398 + 0xd bytes C++ tempMem.exe!Level::TPlearning() Line 236 + 0x4a bytes C++ tempMem.exe!Network::runTPlearning() Line 93 + 0xd bytes C++ tempMem.exe!main(int argc=1, char * * argv=0x006f62a0) Line 93 + 0xd bytes C++ tempMem.exe!__tmainCRTStartup() Line 582 + 0x19 bytes C tempMem.exe!mainCRTStartup() Line 399 C kernel32.dll!@BaseThreadInitThunk@12() + 0x12 bytes ntdll.dll!___RtlUserThreadStart@8() + 0x27 bytes ntdll.dll!__RtlUserThreadStart@8() + 0x1b bytes </code></pre> <p>This is my first time debugging this type of problem and I hope I'm just overlooking/misunderstanding something obvious...</p> <p>Here's the code for the adaptSegments function that corresponds to this line from the call stack (Release)</p> <pre><code>tempMem.exe!TP::adaptSegments(Cell * &amp; cellToAdapt=0x005d8450, std::list&lt;segUpdate,std::allocator&lt;segUpdate&gt; &gt; &amp; segUpdateList=[1]({segToUpdate=0x00000000 synapseChanges=[0]() newSynapsesToAdd=[2](0x005bc8f8 {DSlist=[19]({sequenceSegment=true synapse=[3](0x005d79a0 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d7af8 currentState=0x005d79c0 ...},0x005d7ef8 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d8050 currentState=0x005d7f18 ...},0x005d8450 {DSlist={...} connected=0x005d85a8 currentState=0x005d8470 ...}) permanence=[3](80 'P',80 'P',80 'P') ...},. ), bool posReinforce=true) Line 701 + 0x1b bytes bool TP::adaptSegments(Cell *&amp; cellToAdapt, std::list&lt;segUpdate&gt; &amp; segUpdateList, bool posReinforce) { std::list&lt;segUpdate&gt;::iterator curSegUpdate; std::list&lt;activeSynapsePair&gt;::iterator curSyn; std::list&lt;Cell *&gt;::iterator synToAdd; int size = 0; //for each segUpdate element in the cell's segUpdateList for (curSegUpdate = segUpdateList.begin(); curSegUpdate != segUpdateList.end(); ++curSegUpdate) { //if the segment already exists if (curSegUpdate-&gt;segToUpdate != NULL) { //if sequence segment flag is true, set it on DS if(curSegUpdate-&gt;sequenceSegment == true) {curSegUpdate-&gt;segToUpdate-&gt;sequenceSegment = true;} if (posReinforce == true) { //for each synapses permanence pair in segUpdate for (curSyn = (curSegUpdate-&gt; synapseChanges.begin()); curSyn !=(curSegUpdate-&gt;synapseChanges.end()); ++curSyn) { //decrement inactive synapses if (curSyn-&gt;second == false) { if (*(curSyn-&gt;first)- permanenceDec &lt; 0) {*(curSyn-&gt;first) = 0;} else {*(curSyn-&gt;first)-= permanenceDec;} } //increment active synapses else if (curSyn-&gt;second == true) { if (*(curSyn-&gt;first)+ permanenceInc &gt; 100) {*(curSyn-&gt;first) =100;} else {*(curSyn-&gt;first)+= permanenceInc;} } } } else if (posReinforce == false) { //for each synapses permanence pair in segUpdate for (curSyn = (curSegUpdate-&gt; synapseChanges.begin()); curSyn !=(curSegUpdate-&gt;synapseChanges.end()); ++curSyn) { //decrement active synapses if (curSyn-&gt;second == true) { if (*(curSyn-&gt;first)- permanenceDec &lt; 0) {*(curSyn-&gt;first) = 0;} else {*(curSyn-&gt;first)-= permanenceDec;} } } } //if adding synapses to an existing segment if (curSegUpdate-&gt;newSynapsesToAdd.empty()==false) { if (curSegUpdate-&gt;segToUpdate-&gt;synapse.size() &lt;MAX_NUM_SYN) { //for each synapses in newSynapses for (synToAdd = curSegUpdate-&gt;newSynapsesToAdd.begin(); synToAdd != curSegUpdate-&gt; newSynapsesToAdd.end(); ++synToAdd) { //add new synapse to list curSegUpdate-&gt;segToUpdate-&gt; synapse.push_back(*synToAdd); //and permenance with initialPerm curSegUpdate-&gt;segToUpdate-&gt; permanence.push_back(initialPerm); } }//if less than MAX_NUM_SYN } }//end if segment already exists //if segment doesn't exist, create a new segment &amp; add synapses else if (curSegUpdate-&gt;segToUpdate == NULL) { size = curSegUpdate-&gt;newSynapsesToAdd.size(); if (size != 0) { DendriteSegment myNewSeg; //create a new DS //set sequenceSegment flag if it is true if (curSegUpdate-&gt;sequenceSegment == true) {myNewSeg.sequenceSegment = true;} std::copy(curSegUpdate-&gt;newSynapsesToAdd.begin(), curSegUpdate-&gt;newSynapsesToAdd.end(), std::back_inserter(myNewSeg.synapse)); myNewSeg.permanence.resize(size, initialPerm); //then add it to the cells list of DS cellToAdapt-&gt;DSlist.push_back(myNewSeg); }//if size not 0 } } return true;} </code></pre> <p>My next step is to try Application Verifier. I tried Intel Inspector XE 2011 but it doesn't seem to detect any relevant memory problems.</p> <p><strong>Update</strong>: Using gflags I found that the cause of my woes was due to having pointers to elements in a std::vector. myVector.push_back(newElem) was used to add elements to the vectors causing pointers to elements in the vector to become bad. I replaced the vectors with std::list which does not have the same problem (see <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/3287801/pointers-to-elements-of-stdvector-and-stdlist">here</a>)</p>
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