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    <p>You can achieve the effect you're looking for by using the BeforeBuild and AfterBuild targets available in the .csproj file. The VS.NET IDE will execute these targets when doing a Build or a Rebuild, so you can use them to execute the web.config transforms. Since you'll need to do a web.config transform and then overwrite the actual web.config file, you'll need to rely on a new file called web.default.config to store the base web.config data.</p> <p>I tried this out in a test project, here were the changes I made to the .csproj file:</p> <pre><code>&lt;Import Project="$(MSBuildExtensionsPath)\MSBuildCommunityTasks\MSBuild.Community.Tasks.Targets" /&gt; &lt;ProjectExtensions&gt; ... &lt;/ProjectExtensions&gt; &lt;Target Name="BeforeBuild"&gt; &lt;Copy SourceFiles="$(ProjectDir)web.default.config" DestinationFiles="$(ProjectDir)web.config" /&gt; &lt;/Target&gt; &lt;Target Name="AfterBuild" Condition="$(FirstRun) != 'false'"&gt; &lt;MSBuild Projects="$(MSBuildProjectFile)" Targets="TransformWebConfig" Properties="FirstRun=false;" /&gt; &lt;Sleep Milliseconds="2000" /&gt; &lt;Copy SourceFiles="$(ProjectDir)obj\$(ConfigurationName)\TransformWebConfig\transformed\web.config" DestinationFiles="$(ProjectDir)web.config" /&gt; &lt;/Target&gt; </code></pre> <p>I had to manually add these to the .csproj file (I used Notepad++). As far as I can tell there is no way to add these instructions through the VS.NET IDE. You need to supply the conditional on the AfterBuild to keep from having a circular reference, as the call to MSBuild will rerun the build to generate the web.config transform.</p> <p>Basically what we're doing is copying the web.default.config file (our base template) over the existing web.config before we start to build, and then we use MSBuild to generate a web.config for whatever configuration we're building. After the transform is complete, we use a Copy task to take the transformed file and copy it over to the web.config file in the web root. One issue I occasionally ran into was a file in use error when trying to overwrite the web.config after the transform was complete. Adding a Sleep task (from <a href="http://msbuildtasks.tigris.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">MSBuildCommunityTasks</a>) after the MSBuild task took care of that issue.</p> <p>I only tested this approach using the built in ASP.NET server, not IIS, so YMMV but I feel like this is a workable solution.</p> <p>The FirstRun idea came from this <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2811556/how-to-use-the-new-vs-2010-configuration-transforms-and-apply-them-to-other-conf">post</a>.</p>
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    1. POHow to use Visual Studio 2010 config transform when running/debugging locally?
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    1. COIve marked this answer as accepted as it seems like it solves the problem (even if I haven't tested it). Thanks. In the end we went with a custom postbuild event like I wrote in the last paragraph, small powershell script that create web.config from template that uses the configurationName to decide how to replace.
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    2. CO@viblo Thanks. I'm not sure I would use the approach I outlined since it's a kind of hackish, but I was more curious about it could be done or not. Either way, good question.
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    3. CO@rsbarro first of all thanks for your clean answer. However, Im still having the same problem "file in use error " . Even I have added <Sleep Milliseconds ="2000"/> . Do you have any other suggestion ? Thanks
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