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    <p>The <code>decode</code> method of unicode strings really doesn't have any applications at all (unless you have some non-text data in a unicode string for some reason -- see below). It is mainly there for historical reasons, i think. In Python 3 it is completely gone.</p> <p><code>unicode().decode()</code> will perform an implicit <em>encoding</em> of <code>s</code> using the default (ascii) codec. Verify this like so:</p> <pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; s = u'ö' &gt;&gt;&gt; s.decode() Traceback (most recent call last): File "&lt;stdin&gt;", line 1, in &lt;module&gt; UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xf6' in position 0: ordinal not in range(128) &gt;&gt;&gt; s.encode('ascii') Traceback (most recent call last): File "&lt;stdin&gt;", line 1, in &lt;module&gt; UnicodeEncodeError: 'ascii' codec can't encode character u'\xf6' in position 0: ordinal not in range(128) </code></pre> <p>The error messages are exactly the same.</p> <p>For <code>str().encode()</code> it's the other way around -- it attempts an implicit <em>decoding</em> of <code>s</code> with the default encoding:</p> <pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; s = 'ö' &gt;&gt;&gt; s.decode('utf-8') u'\xf6' &gt;&gt;&gt; s.encode() Traceback (most recent call last): File "&lt;stdin&gt;", line 1, in &lt;module&gt; UnicodeDecodeError: 'ascii' codec can't decode byte 0xc3 in position 0: ordinal not in range(128) </code></pre> <p>Used like this, <code>str().encode()</code> is also superfluous.</p> <p><strong>But</strong> there is another application of the latter method that is useful: there are <a href="http://docs.python.org/library/codecs.html#standard-encodings" rel="noreferrer">encodings</a> that have nothing to do with character sets, and thus can be applied to 8-bit strings in a meaningful way:</p> <pre><code>&gt;&gt;&gt; s.encode('zip') 'x\x9c;\xbc\r\x00\x02&gt;\x01z' </code></pre> <p>You are right, though: the ambiguous usage of "encoding" for both these applications is... awkard. Again, with separate <code>byte</code> and <code>string</code> types in Python 3, this is no longer an issue.</p>
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    1. CO`.decode()` on Unicode strings might be useful e.g., `print u'\\u0203'.decode('unicode-escape')`
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    2. CO+1 for the mention of non-character encodings (i.e. zip).
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