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    <ul> <li><p>Repetition in regular expressions: <code>/a{3,5}/</code>. </p></li> <li><p>Anonymous hash composers in Perl: <code>my $rec = { };</code>. Also for dictionaries in Python.</p></li> <li><p>Data assignments of structures or arrays in languages like C or Java: <code>String data[] = { "TGF-βs", "XPTTD", "CIMPR", "CFU-F", "Qiagen", "BrdU-positive", "TSFLLRVYFQPGPPATAAPVPSPT", "Amersham", "DAPI-stained" };</code></p></li> <li><p>Perl dereferencing operators: <code>${ $array_of_refs[17} }</code>. </p></li> <li><p>Hash subscripting in Perl: <code>$ENV{USER}</code></p></li> <li><p>Filename globbing in the shell: <code>% echo {this,that,those,these}_{here,there,everywhere}</code> produces <code> this_here this_there this_everywhere that_here that_there that_everywhere those_here those_there those_everywhere these_here these_there these_everywhere</code></p></li> <li><p>Hiding a semicolon in plain sight, since a <code>CTRL-{</code> is a <code>;</code>. That’s because the <code>CONTROL-</code> operation is an <code>xor</code> with an <code>@</code>. <code>\cC</code> is <code>@^C</code> == chr(3), so <code>\c{</code> is <code>@^{</code> == chr(59) eq <code>";"</code>.</p></li> <li><p>Balanced pick-your-own-quotes operators to avoid escaping slashes, like <code>print if m{^/usr/local/bin}</code></p></li> <li><p>History substitution disambiguating: “ <code>!{v}doc</code> would expand unambiguously to <code>vi wumpus.mandoc</code>”</p></li> <li><p>Unambiguous octal and hex escapes in strings, like <code>"10\o{377}01"</code> and <code>"The \x{bee} character is TAMIL DIGIT EIGHT"</code>.</p></li> <li><p>A symbol used in mathematics and music.</p></li> <li><p>The name of particularly little-known variable in Perl: <code>perl -le '$} = "eskimo"; print $}'</code> prints <code>eskimo</code>!</p></li> </ul>
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