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    <p>If you don't use a passphrase, then the private key is not encrypted with any symmetric cipher - it is output completely unprotected.</p> <p>You can generate a keypair, supplying the password on the command-line using an invocation like (in this case, the password is <code>foobar</code>):</p> <pre><code>openssl genrsa -aes128 -passout pass:foobar 3072 </code></pre> <p>However, note that this passphrase could be grabbed by any other process running on the machine at the time, since command-line arguments are generally visible to all processes.</p> <p>A better alternative is to write the passphrase into a temporary file that is protected with file permissions, and specify that:</p> <pre><code>openssl genrsa -aes128 -passout file:passphrase.txt 3072 </code></pre> <p>Or supply the passphrase on standard input:</p> <pre><code>openssl genrsa -aes128 -passout stdin 3072 </code></pre> <p>You can also used a named pipe with the <code>file:</code> option, or a file descriptor.</p> <hr> <p>To then obtain the matching public key, you need to use <code>openssl rsa</code>, supplying the same passphrase with the <code>-passin</code> parameter as was used to encrypt the private key:</p> <pre><code>openssl rsa -passin file:passphrase.txt -pubout </code></pre> <p>(This expects the encrypted private key on standard input - you can instead read it from a file using <code>-in &lt;file&gt;</code>).</p> <hr> <p>Example of creating a 3072-bit private and public key pair in files, with the private key pair encrypted with password <code>foobar</code>:</p> <pre><code>openssl genrsa -aes128 -passout pass:foobar -out privkey.pem 3072 openssl rsa -in privkey.pem -passin pass:foobar -pubout -out privkey.pub </code></pre>
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    1. POHow to generate an openSSL key using a passphrase from the command line?
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    1. POHow to generate an openSSL key using a passphrase from the command line?
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    1. CO+1 Great, that works! Thanks, if you can just help a teensy bit more then you get awarded the answer ... why won't this work? openssl rsa -in privkey.pem -pubout -passout pass:foobar -out pubkey.pem
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    2. COor, to put it another way - how to the public key from your command (which differed slightly from mine). I just need a matched pair. This is only "just good enough" security.
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    3. CO@Mawg: Your `openssl` command is outputting the public key corresponding to the supplied private key - public keys aren't encrypted (they're not secret), so using `-passout` makes no sense. You probably want to use `-passin` there, to supply the passphrase that was used to encrypt the private key in the first step. I've also added something to the answer.
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