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    <p>Beauty is in the eye of the beholder. But you never say <strong>how</strong> the code of Tregex or Tsurgeon is a mess. It sounds more like you can't deal with Java or greater abstraction and so you're looking for something concrete written in Python.</p> <p>There's nothing wrong with hand-writing tree matching and transformation functions. Indeed, we used to do that all the time. But after the first couple of hundred, it seemed like there had to be a better way, and hence we moved to using the domain-specific languages of Tregex and Tsurgeon. This is generally seen as a laudable programming style. See in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-specific_language" rel="noreferrer">Wikipedia</a>. They're well-specified languages with an exact syntax specification, etc. Here is your example using them.</p> <pre><code>Tree t = Tree.valueOf("(ROOT (S (NP (NP (NNP Bank)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNP America)))) (VP (VBD used) (S (VP (TO to) (VP (VB be) (VP (VBN called) (NP (NP (NNP Bank)) (PP (IN of) (NP (NNP Italy)))))))))))"); TregexPattern pat = TregexPattern.compile("NP &lt;1 (NP &lt;&lt; Bank) &lt;2 PP=remove"); TsurgeonPattern surgery = Tsurgeon.parseOperation("excise remove remove"); Tsurgeon.processPattern(pat, surgery, t).pennPrint(); </code></pre> <p>Note that the Java code is actually <em>shorter</em> than the Lisp code, precisely because of use of the domain-specific language. It's hard to see how this could be simpler: specify pattern, specify operation, apply.</p> <p>But if you'd prefer to be hand-writing methods that match patterns on trees and change them into other trees in Python, then you're most welcome to go off and do that.</p>
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    1. POHow do I manipulate parse trees?
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    1. USChristopher Manning
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    1. COIs there any documentation for using SP tree regex? Or are the javadocs the only documentation so far?
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    2. COAh, hello Professor Manning, sorry to be criticizing your work without providing concrete reasons. I want to hack on the code but I find 100,000 lines a little daunting for just adding a little layer of abstraction. I am very much grateful for the existence of Tregex/Turgeon. I'm just curious if a DSL doing something similar can be written much more succinctly. There's still the problem of Java<->Python interactions which I've solved in a unsatisfying way, but it works (somewhat).
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    3. CO@gnucom: I'll admit that the documentation could be better/more extensive. But there are a couple of other resources. The ppt slides http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/tregex/The_Wonderful_World_of_Tregex.ppt are the best place to go for an intro to tregex patterns. There are useful help screens in the GUI application. For more, see: http://nlp.stanford.edu/software/tregex-faq.shtml#b .
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