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    <p>Although Sam's answer is an ok pattern to follow I wanted to point out that there is, indeed, a nice way to append to a Couch document. <a href="http://blog.couch.io/post/410290711/atomic-increments-in-couchdb" rel="nofollow noreferrer">It just isn't very well documented yet.</a></p> <p>By defining an <code>update</code> function in your design document and using that to append to an array inside a couch document you may be able to save considerable disk space. Plus, you end up with a 1:1 correlation between the file you're logging accesses on and the couch doc that represents that file. This is how I imagine a doc might look: <code><pre> { "_id": "some/file/path/name.txt", "_rev": "32 char hash", "accesses": [ {"at": 1282839291, "by": "ben"}, {"at": 1282839305, "by": "kate"}, {"at": 1282839367, "by": "ozone"} ]<br> } </pre></code></p> <p><em>One caveat: You will need to encode the "/" as %2F when you request it from CouchDB or you'll get an error. Using slashes in document ids is totally ok.</em></p> <p>And here is a pair of map/reduce functions: <code><pre> function(doc) { if (doc.accesses) { for (i=0; i &lt; doc.accesses.length; i++) { event = doc.accesses[i]; emit([doc._id, event.by, event.at], 1); } } } </pre></code> <code><pre> function(keys, values, rereduce) { return sum(values); } </pre></code></p> <p>And now we can see another benefit of storing all accesses for a given file in one JSON document: to get a list of all accesses on a document just make a get request for the corresponding document. In this case:</p> <p><code>GET <a href="http://127.0.0.1:5984/dbname/some%2Ffile%2Fpath%2Fname.txt" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://127.0.0.1:5984/dbname/some%2Ffile%2Fpath%2Fname.txt</a></code></p> <p>If you wanted to count the number of times each file was accessed by each user you'll query the view like so:</p> <p><code>GET <a href="http://127.0.0.1:5984/test/_design/touch/_view/log?group_level=2" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://127.0.0.1:5984/test/_design/touch/_view/log?group_level=2</a></code></p> <p>Use group_level=1 if you just want to count total accesses per file.</p> <p>Finally, here is the <code>update</code> function you can use to append onto that doc.accesses array: <code><pre> function(doc, req) { var whom = req.query.by; var when = Math.round(new Date().getTime() / 1000);</p> <p>if (!doc.accesses) doc.accesses = []; var event = {"at": when, "by": whom} doc.accesses.push(event); var message = 'Logged ' + event.by + ' accessing ' + doc._id + ' at ' + event.at; return [doc, message]; } </pre></code></p> <p>Now whenever you need to log an access to a file issue a request like the following (depending on how you name your design document and update function):</p> <p><code><pre><a href="http://127.0.0.1:5984/my_database/_design/my_designdoc/_update/update_function_name/some%2Ffile%2Fpath%2Fname.txt?by=username" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://127.0.0.1:5984/my_database/_design/my_designdoc/_update/update_function_name/some%2Ffile%2Fpath%2Fname.txt?by=username</a></pre></code></p>
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    1. POCreating logger in CouchDB?
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    1. COThis is the new url for blog post about updates (linked in the first paragraph of this answer) http://blog.couchbase.com/atomic-increments-couchdb
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