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    <p>edit: Using object was only a guess. It turns out that the problem is caused by references as others have guessed before.</p> <p>Since we don't know (yet) what $res is and what <code>$res-&gt;fetch()</code> actually returns let me try to replicate the behaviour.</p> <pre><code>&lt;?php $res = new Foo; echo_rows($res); function echo_rows(&amp;$res) { // as provided in the question } class Foo extends ArrayObject { protected $bar, $counter; public function fetch() { if ( ++$this-&gt;counter &gt; 4 ) { return false; } else { $this-&gt;bar['ccorID'] = $this-&gt;counter; return $this-&gt;bar; } } public function __construct() { $this-&gt;bar = new ArrayObject; $this-&gt;counter = 0; } } </code></pre> <p>prints</p> <pre><code>1 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 ---.--- 4 4 4 4 4 [{"ccorID":4},{"ccorID":4},{"ccorID":4},{"ccorID":4}] </code></pre> <p>The reason is, that all elements in $rows point to the same underlying object (see <a href="http://docs.php.net/language.oop5.references" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://docs.php.net/language.oop5.references</a>) since my class Foo always returns the same object and just modifies the state of this single object.</p> <hr> <p>update: "what might the manual mean when it says "Use the reference operator to copy an array by reference"?"</p> <p>Let's start with this script</p> <pre><code>&lt;?php $arr = array(); $s = ''; $b = array(); $b['foo'] = $arr; $b['bar'] = $s; $b['foo']['bar'] = 1; $b['bar'] = 'xyz'; var_dump($arr, $s); </code></pre> <p>the output is</p> <pre><code>array(0) { } string(0) "" </code></pre> <p>i.e. <code>$b['foo']['bar'] = 1;</code> and <code>$b['bar'] = 'xyz';</code> didn't change $arr and $s since the array contains copies of the values.</p> <p>Now change the two assignments to use references</p> <pre><code>$b['foo'] = &amp;$arr; $b['bar'] = &amp;$s; </code></pre> <p>and the output changes to </p> <pre><code>array(1) { ["bar"]=&gt; int(1) } string(3) "xyz" </code></pre> <p>i.e. the elements are not copies.</p>
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    1. POReference vs. value copy for PHP arrays?
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    1. CO+1 since objects are passed by reference by default (well, the instance is anyway)...
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    2. CONot exactly references, but close, see http://docs.php.net/language.oop5.references
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    3. COI completely agree with you guys. That's clearly what's happening. I am merely put out because the PHP manual states: "Array assignment always involves value copying. Use the reference operator to copy an array by reference." It is clearly not so.
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