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    <p>It sounds like you are using DTF. If you see:</p> <pre><code>using Microsoft.Deployment.WindowsInstaller; </code></pre> <p>then you certainly are. Be sure to read the following for how it all works:</p> <p><a href="http://blog.deploymentengineering.com/2008/05/deployment-tools-foundation-dtf-custom.html" rel="noreferrer">Deployment Tools Foundation (DTF) Managed Custom Actions</a></p> <p>Also you'll find a DTF help chm in the start menu under WiX.</p> <p>Basically it sounds like to me you are wiring the .NET assembly into the installer instead of the unmanged wrapper dll. Read the above article for an overview of how to look at it in Depends and to know what to expect. The WiX | C# Custom Action project should output Foo.dll and Foo.CA.dll. You want the later in your installer.</p> <p>For people who land on this page in the future (the answer was originally for the poster ) there is a whole list of things to check:</p> <ol> <li>Are you referencing the correct DLL in the Binary table?</li> <li>Are you referencing the correct exported function name?</li> <li>Is your class public?</li> <li>Is your method using the correct signature? I.e. is it:</li> <li>Marked with the correct CustomAction attribute</li> <li>Marked as public?</li> <li>Marked as static?</li> <li>Return ActionResult?</li> <li>Take Session as an Argument?</li> <li>Make sure you are using the WiX C# Custom Action Project type to ensure the postbuild event is called to create the native DLL wrapper. (See #1)</li> </ol> <p>Any one of these can cause an 1154 error. This is the reason I wrote a comprehensive blog article on the subject and linked to it in this answer. It's important to fully understand how managed code is presented to the unmanaged Windows Installer service and to know how to use Depends to validate that the public static method is exported as a stdcall function in the resulting .CA.dll that WiX/DTF produces.</p>
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    1. COOK this told me the answer - when I compared the working with non-working I saw that I was using .CA.DLL for the working and .DLL for the non-working one. I changed the Binary tag and I was good to go.
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      1. USMikeBaz - MSFT
    2. COGreat list. I'll add one thing that foxed me for a while. Make sure that the custom action project is of type 'C# Custom Action project' (visible under the Windows Installer XML project types) rather than a normal 'Class Library'. Might seem obvious but I missed it!
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      1. USMatt -The Hat- McVitie
    3. COAgreed. I just did a screen sharing session the other day with a developer who was just stuck trying to figure it out and that was his problem. He had created a class library and wrote the code but didn't realize he was missing the targets reference that pulls in the postbuild call to makesfxca.
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