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    <p>This looks like a <em>"Side-by-Side Assemblies"</em> issue to me.</p> <p>From what I can tell, Microsoft in an attempt to stop the <em>DLL Hell</em> problems of past years has introduced a concept of <em>"Side-by-Side Assemblies".</em> </p> <p>In a nut shell it means that your application needs to tell <strong>Windows</strong> which version of the <strong>CRT</strong> it was designed to work with. When the application is installed Windows will make sure you application gets its own private copy of these DLL files.</p> <p>To make it all work you need to embed the application's DLL dependencies into the applications <strong>Manifest</strong> file and attaching it to the project using the <strong>Manifest Tool</strong>, <strong>Input and Output</strong> section of the application project settings.</p> <p>As an example here is the manifest I use for the <a href="http://www.zeusedit.com" rel="noreferrer">Zeus for Windows</a> IDE:</p> <pre><code>&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?&gt; &lt;assembly xmlns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:asm.v1" manifestVersion="1.0"&gt; &lt;assemblyIdentity name="Xidicone.Windows.Zeus for Windows" version="3.9.6.69" processorArchitecture="X86" type="win32" /&gt; &lt;description&gt;Zeus for Windows&lt;/description&gt; &lt;dependency&gt; &lt;dependentAssembly&gt; &lt;assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.VC80.CRT" version="8.0.50608.0" processorArchitecture="x86" publicKeyToken="1fc8b3b9a1e18e3b" /&gt; &lt;/dependentAssembly&gt; &lt;/dependency&gt; &lt;dependency&gt; &lt;dependentAssembly&gt; &lt;assemblyIdentity type="win32" name="Microsoft.Windows.Common-Controls" version="6.0.0.0" processorArchitecture="X86" publicKeyToken="6595b64144ccf1df" language="*" /&gt; &lt;/dependentAssembly&gt; &lt;/dependency&gt; &lt;/assembly&gt; </code></pre> <p>Finally, if you plan to make an installer you will need to add the same versions of these DLL files to the application installer or alternatively have your installer run the Microsoft CRT redistributable installer.</p> <p>FWIW I only found out about this when a user reported that <a href="http://www.zeusedit.com" rel="noreferrer">Zeus</a> no longer ran on Windows XP because of a missing MSVCRT runtime DLL file, yet <a href="http://www.zeusedit.com" rel="noreferrer">Zeus</a> had been working fine for over 10 years without ever once having to ship with a MSVCRT runtime DLL file.</p>
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