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    <p>If the functions aren't inlined, you might even have luck using <code>objdump -d &lt;program&gt;</code>.</p> <p>For an example, let's take a loot at the beginning of GCC 4.3.2's <code>main</code> routine:</p> <pre><code>$ objdump `which gcc` -d | grep '\(call\|main\)' 08053270 &lt;main&gt;: 8053270: 8d 4c 24 04 lea 0x4(%esp),%ecx -- 8053299: 89 1c 24 mov %ebx,(%esp) 805329c: e8 8f 60 ff ff call 8049330 &lt;strlen@plt&gt; 80532a1: 8d 04 03 lea (%ebx,%eax,1),%eax -- 80532cf: 89 04 24 mov %eax,(%esp) 80532d2: e8 b9 c9 00 00 call 805fc90 &lt;xmalloc_set_program_name&gt; 80532d7: 8b 5d 9c mov 0xffffff9c(%ebp),%ebx -- 80532e4: 89 04 24 mov %eax,(%esp) 80532e7: e8 b4 a7 00 00 call 805daa0 &lt;expandargv&gt; 80532ec: 8b 55 9c mov 0xffffff9c(%ebp),%edx -- 8053302: 89 0c 24 mov %ecx,(%esp) 8053305: e8 d6 2a 00 00 call 8055de0 &lt;prune_options&gt; 805330a: e8 71 ac 00 00 call 805df80 &lt;unlock_std_streams&gt; 805330f: e8 4c 2f 00 00 call 8056260 &lt;gcc_init_libintl&gt; 8053314: c7 44 24 04 01 00 00 movl $0x1,0x4(%esp) -- 805331c: c7 04 24 02 00 00 00 movl $0x2,(%esp) 8053323: e8 78 5e ff ff call 80491a0 &lt;signal@plt&gt; 8053328: 83 e8 01 sub $0x1,%eax </code></pre> <p>It takes a bit of effort to wade through all of the assembler, but you can see all possible calls from a given function. It's not as easy to use as <code>gprof</code> or some of the other utilities mentioned, but it has several distinct advantages:</p> <ul> <li>You generally don't need to recompile an application to use it</li> <li>It shows all possible function calls, whereas something like <code>gprof</code> will only show the executed function calls.</li> </ul>
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