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    <p>If you are on <strong>Windows</strong>, you probably want to <strong>use the WLAN API</strong>, which provides the 'WlanGetAvailableNetworkList()' function (see the <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms706749(VS.85).aspx" rel="nofollow noreferrer">API docs</a> for usage). I am not aware of any python wrappers for <code>WLANAPI.DLL</code> so you may have to wrap it yourself using <a href="http://docs.python.org/library/ctypes.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">ctypes</a>. I have a preliminary script that does this (<em>works-for-me</em>), but it may be crufty. You'll want to read the documentation to understand the meaning of all the fields:</p> <pre><code>from ctypes import * from ctypes.wintypes import * from sys import exit def customresize(array, new_size): return (array._type_*new_size).from_address(addressof(array)) wlanapi = windll.LoadLibrary('wlanapi.dll') ERROR_SUCCESS = 0 class GUID(Structure): _fields_ = [ ('Data1', c_ulong), ('Data2', c_ushort), ('Data3', c_ushort), ('Data4', c_ubyte*8), ] WLAN_INTERFACE_STATE = c_uint (wlan_interface_state_not_ready, wlan_interface_state_connected, wlan_interface_state_ad_hoc_network_formed, wlan_interface_state_disconnecting, wlan_interface_state_disconnected, wlan_interface_state_associating, wlan_interface_state_discovering, wlan_interface_state_authenticating) = map(WLAN_INTERFACE_STATE, range(0, 8)) class WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO(Structure): _fields_ = [ ("InterfaceGuid", GUID), ("strInterfaceDescription", c_wchar * 256), ("isState", WLAN_INTERFACE_STATE) ] class WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST(Structure): _fields_ = [ ("NumberOfItems", DWORD), ("Index", DWORD), ("InterfaceInfo", WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO * 1) ] WLAN_MAX_PHY_TYPE_NUMBER = 0x8 DOT11_SSID_MAX_LENGTH = 32 WLAN_REASON_CODE = DWORD DOT11_BSS_TYPE = c_uint (dot11_BSS_type_infrastructure, dot11_BSS_type_independent, dot11_BSS_type_any) = map(DOT11_BSS_TYPE, range(1, 4)) DOT11_PHY_TYPE = c_uint dot11_phy_type_unknown = 0 dot11_phy_type_any = 0 dot11_phy_type_fhss = 1 dot11_phy_type_dsss = 2 dot11_phy_type_irbaseband = 3 dot11_phy_type_ofdm = 4 dot11_phy_type_hrdsss = 5 dot11_phy_type_erp = 6 dot11_phy_type_ht = 7 dot11_phy_type_IHV_start = 0x80000000 dot11_phy_type_IHV_end = 0xffffffff DOT11_AUTH_ALGORITHM = c_uint DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_80211_OPEN = 1 DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_80211_SHARED_KEY = 2 DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_WPA = 3 DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_WPA_PSK = 4 DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_WPA_NONE = 5 DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_RSNA = 6 DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_RSNA_PSK = 7 DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_IHV_START = 0x80000000 DOT11_AUTH_ALGO_IHV_END = 0xffffffff DOT11_CIPHER_ALGORITHM = c_uint DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_NONE = 0x00 DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WEP40 = 0x01 DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_TKIP = 0x02 DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_CCMP = 0x04 DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WEP104 = 0x05 DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WPA_USE_GROUP = 0x100 DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_RSN_USE_GROUP = 0x100 DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_WEP = 0x101 DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_IHV_START = 0x80000000 DOT11_CIPHER_ALGO_IHV_END = 0xffffffff WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_CONNECTED = 1 WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_HAS_PROFILE = 2 WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_INCLUDE_ALL_ADHOC_PROFILES = 0x00000001 WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_INCLUDE_ALL_MANUAL_HIDDEN_PROFILES = 0x00000002 class DOT11_SSID(Structure): _fields_ = [ ("SSIDLength", c_ulong), ("SSID", c_char * DOT11_SSID_MAX_LENGTH) ] class WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK(Structure): _fields_ = [ ("ProfileName", c_wchar * 256), ("dot11Ssid", DOT11_SSID), ("dot11BssType", DOT11_BSS_TYPE), ("NumberOfBssids", c_ulong), ("NetworkConnectable", c_bool), ("wlanNotConnectableReason", WLAN_REASON_CODE), ("NumberOfPhyTypes", c_ulong), ("dot11PhyTypes", DOT11_PHY_TYPE * WLAN_MAX_PHY_TYPE_NUMBER), ("MorePhyTypes", c_bool), ("wlanSignalQuality", c_ulong), ("SecurityEnabled", c_bool), ("dot11DefaultAuthAlgorithm", DOT11_AUTH_ALGORITHM), ("dot11DefaultCipherAlgorithm", DOT11_CIPHER_ALGORITHM), ("Flags", DWORD), ("Reserved", DWORD) ] class WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST(Structure): _fields_ = [ ("NumberOfItems", DWORD), ("Index", DWORD), ("Network", WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK * 1) ] WlanOpenHandle = wlanapi.WlanOpenHandle WlanOpenHandle.argtypes = (DWORD, c_void_p, POINTER(DWORD), POINTER(HANDLE)) WlanOpenHandle.restype = DWORD WlanEnumInterfaces = wlanapi.WlanEnumInterfaces WlanEnumInterfaces.argtypes = (HANDLE, c_void_p, POINTER(POINTER(WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST))) WlanEnumInterfaces.restype = DWORD WlanGetAvailableNetworkList = wlanapi.WlanGetAvailableNetworkList WlanGetAvailableNetworkList.argtypes = (HANDLE, POINTER(GUID), DWORD, c_void_p, POINTER(POINTER(WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST))) WlanGetAvailableNetworkList.restype = DWORD WlanFreeMemory = wlanapi.WlanFreeMemory WlanFreeMemory.argtypes = [c_void_p] if __name__ == '__main__': NegotiatedVersion = DWORD() ClientHandle = HANDLE() ret = WlanOpenHandle(1, None, byref(NegotiatedVersion), byref(ClientHandle)) if ret != ERROR_SUCCESS: exit(FormatError(ret)) # find all wireless network interfaces pInterfaceList = pointer(WLAN_INTERFACE_INFO_LIST()) ret = WlanEnumInterfaces(ClientHandle, None, byref(pInterfaceList)) if ret != ERROR_SUCCESS: exit(FormatError(ret)) try: ifaces = customresize(pInterfaceList.contents.InterfaceInfo, pInterfaceList.contents.NumberOfItems) # find each available network for each interface for iface in ifaces: print("Interface: {}".format(iface.strInterfaceDescription)) pAvailableNetworkList = pointer(WLAN_AVAILABLE_NETWORK_LIST()) ret = WlanGetAvailableNetworkList(ClientHandle, byref(iface.InterfaceGuid), 0, None, byref(pAvailableNetworkList)) if ret != ERROR_SUCCESS: exit(FormatError(ret)) try: avail_net_list = pAvailableNetworkList.contents networks = customresize(avail_net_list.Network, avail_net_list.NumberOfItems) for network in networks: print("SSID: {}, quality: {:2d}%".format( network.dot11Ssid.SSID[:network.dot11Ssid.SSIDLength].decode(), network.wlanSignalQuality)) finally: WlanFreeMemory(pAvailableNetworkList) finally: WlanFreeMemory(pInterfaceList) </code></pre> <p>On <strong>linux</strong>, you have a couple of choices:</p> <p>The standard options is to parse the output of <code>iwlist -scan</code>. However, if you are currently connected to a wlan and not running as root, it only returns the currently connected wlan.</p> <p>If you need more than this, the best way is to query the wireless manager daemon. On modern, linuxes, this is usually <a href="http://projects.gnome.org/NetworkManager/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">NetworkManager</a>, although <a href="http://wicd.sourceforge.net/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">wicd</a> is becoming more popular. Both of these managers can be queried using <code>dbus</code>. Unless you can control what the clients have on their systems, you might need to support both of these options, or at least one option and have a fallback for <code>iwlist</code>.</p>
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    1. POHow can I retrieve the signal strength of nearby wireless LAN networks on Windows using Python?
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