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    <p>One possible way would be to calculate the MD5 signature of the file (or the file ID in a database), and then build/find the path based on that.</p> <p>For example, say we get an MD5 signature like "1ff8a7b5dc7a7d1f0ed65aaa29c04b1e"</p> <p>The path might look like "/1f/f" or "/1f/ff/8a"</p> <p>The reason is that you don't want to have all the files in 1 folder, and you want to have the ability to "partition" them across different servers, or a SAN or whatever in an equally-spread-out way.</p> <p>The MD5 signature is a string of 16 "hex" characters. So our example of "/1f/ff/8a" gives us 256*256*256 folders to store the files in. That ought to be enough for anybody :)</p> <hr> <p>Update, due to popular demand:</p> <p><strong>NOTE</strong> - I just realized we are talking specifically about how MediaWiki does it. This is <strong>not</strong> now MediaWiki does it, but another way in which it <strong>could have been done</strong>.</p> <p>By "MD5 signature" I mean doing something like this (code examples in Perl):</p> <pre><code>use Digest::MD5 'md5_hex'; my $sig = md5_hex( $file-&gt;id ); </code></pre> <p>$sig is now 32 alpha-numeric characters long: "1ff8a7b5dc7a7d1f0ed65aaa29c04b1e"</p> <p>Then build a folder structure like this:</p> <pre><code>my $path = '/usr/local/media'; map { mkdir($path, 0666); $path .= "/$_" } $sig =~ m/^(..)(..)(..)/; open my $ofh, '&gt;', "$path/$sig" or die "Cannot open '$path/$sig' for writing: $!"; print $ofh "File contents"; close($ofh); </code></pre> <p>Folder structure looks like</p> <pre><code>/ usr/ local/ media/ 1f/ f8/ a7/ 1ff8a7b5dc7a7d1f0ed65aaa29c04b1e </code></pre>
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    1. POHow does MediaWiki compose the image paths?
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    1. COThis answer is incorrect, per Nohat, below.
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    2. COThanks for pointing out the lack of clarity. Fixed now.
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