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    <p>If you need to do something for every element except either the first or the last and only if there is more than one element in the array, I prefer the following solution.</p> <p>I know there are many solutions above and posted months/one year before mine, but this is something I feel is fairly elegant in its own right. The check every loop is also a boolean check as opposed to a numeric "i=(count-1)" check, which may allow for less overhead.</p> <p>The structure of the loop may feel awkward, but you can compare it to the ordering of thead (beginning), tfoot (end), tbody (current) in HTML table tags.</p> <pre><code>$first = true; foreach($array as $key =&gt; $value) { if ($first) { $first = false; // Do what you want to do before the first element echo "List of key, value pairs:\n"; } else { // Do what you want to do at the end of every element // except the last, assuming the list has more than one element echo "\n"; } // Do what you want to do for the current element echo $key . ' =&gt; ' . $value; } </code></pre> <p>For instance, in web development terms, if you want to add a <strong>border-bottom to every element except the last</strong> in an unordered list (ul), then you can instead add a <strong>border-top to every element except the first</strong> (the CSS :first-child, supported by IE7+ and Firefox/Webkit supports this logic, whereas :last-child is not supported by IE7).</p> <p>You can feel free to reuse the $first variable for each and every nested loop as well and things will work just fine since every loop makes $first false during the first process of the first iteration (so breaks/exceptions won't cause issues).</p> <pre><code>$first = true; foreach($array as $key =&gt; $subArray) { if ($first) { $string = "List of key =&gt; value array pairs:\n"; $first = false; } else { echo "\n"; } $string .= $key . '=&gt;('; $first = true; foreach($subArray as $key =&gt; $value) { if ($first) { $first = false; } else { $string .= ', '; } $string .= $key . '=&gt;' . $value; } $string .= ')'; } echo $string; </code></pre> <p>Example output:</p> <pre><code>List of key =&gt; value array pairs: key1=&gt;(v1_key1=&gt;v1_val1, v1_key2=&gt;v1_val2) key2=&gt;(v2_key1=&gt;v2_val1, v2_key2=&gt;v2_val2, v2_key3=&gt;v2_val3) key3=&gt;(v3_key1=&gt;v3_val1) </code></pre>
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    1. POFind the last element of an array while using a foreach loop in PHP
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