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    <p>The key points (see <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa468563.aspx#xmlschmachng_topic04" rel="nofollow noreferrer">XML Schema Runtime Polymorphism via xsi:type and Abstract Types</a> for complete and correct context/placement/usage) are:</p> <ol> <li><p>Create a base type with (abstract="true" to prevent it from being used directly)</p> <p>Note: the ref attribute replaces the name attribute for elements defined elsewhere</p> <pre><code>&lt;xs:complexType name="CustomerType" abstract="true" &gt; &lt;xs:sequence&gt; &lt;xs:element ref="cust:FirstName" /&gt; &lt;xs:element ref="cust:LastName" /&gt; &lt;xs:element ref="cust:PhoneNumber" minOccurs="0"/&gt; &lt;/xs:sequence&gt; &lt;xs:attribute name="customerID" type="xs:integer" /&gt; &lt;/xs:complexType&gt; </code></pre></li> <li><p>Create two or more derived types by extending or restricting the base type</p> <pre><code>&lt;xs:complexType name="MandatoryPhoneCustomerType" &gt; &lt;xs:complexContent&gt; &lt;xs:restriction base="cust:CustomerType"&gt; &lt;xs:sequence&gt; &lt;xs:element ref="cust:FirstName" /&gt; &lt;xs:element ref="cust:LastName" /&gt; &lt;xs:element ref="cust:PhoneNumber" minOccurs="1" /&gt; &lt;/xs:sequence&gt; &lt;/xs:restriction&gt; &lt;/xs:complexContent&gt; &lt;/xs:complexType&gt; </code></pre> <p>and</p> <pre><code>&lt;xs:complexType name="AddressableCustomerType" &gt; &lt;xs:complexContent&gt; &lt;xs:extension base="cust:CustomerType"&gt; &lt;xs:sequence&gt; &lt;xs:element ref="cust:Address" /&gt; &lt;xs:element ref="cust:City" /&gt; &lt;xs:element ref="cust:State" /&gt; &lt;xs:element ref="cust:Zip" /&gt; &lt;/xs:sequence&gt; &lt;/xs:extension&gt; &lt;/xs:complexContent&gt; &lt;/xs:complexType&gt; </code></pre></li> <li><p>Reference the base type in an element</p> <pre><code>&lt;xs:element name="Customer" type="cust:CustomerType" /&gt; </code></pre></li> <li><p>In your instance XML document, specify the specific derived type as an xsi:type attribute</p> <pre><code>&lt;cust:Customer customerID="12345" xsi:type="cust:MandatoryPhoneCustomerType" &gt; &lt;cust:FirstName&gt;Dare&lt;/cust:FirstName&gt; &lt;cust:LastName&gt;Obasanjo&lt;/cust:LastName&gt; &lt;cust:PhoneNumber&gt;425-555-1234&lt;/cust:PhoneNumber&gt; &lt;/cust:Customer&gt; </code></pre> <p>or:</p> <pre><code>&lt;cust:Customer customerID="67890" xsi:type="cust:AddressableCustomerType" &gt; &lt;cust:FirstName&gt;John&lt;/cust:FirstName&gt; &lt;cust:LastName&gt;Smith&lt;/cust:LastName&gt; &lt;cust:Address&gt;2001&lt;/cust:Address&gt; &lt;cust:City&gt;Redmond&lt;/cust:City&gt; &lt;cust:State&gt;WA&lt;/cust:State&gt; &lt;cust:Zip&gt;98052&lt;/cust:Zip&gt; &lt;/cust:Customer&gt; </code></pre></li> </ol>
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