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    <p>The process for timing out an operations is described in the documentation for <a href="http://docs.python.org/library/signal#example" rel="noreferrer">signal</a>.</p> <p>The basic idea is to use signal handlers to set an alarm for some time interval and raise an exception once that timer expires.</p> <p>Note that this will only work on UNIX.</p> <p>Here's an implementation that creates a decorator (save the following code as <code>timeout.py</code>).</p> <pre><code>from functools import wraps import errno import os import signal class TimeoutError(Exception): pass def timeout(seconds=10, error_message=os.strerror(errno.ETIME)): def decorator(func): def _handle_timeout(signum, frame): raise TimeoutError(error_message) def wrapper(*args, **kwargs): signal.signal(signal.SIGALRM, _handle_timeout) signal.alarm(seconds) try: result = func(*args, **kwargs) finally: signal.alarm(0) return result return wraps(func)(wrapper) return decorator </code></pre> <p>This creates a decorator called <code>@timeout</code> that can be applied to any long running functions.</p> <p>So, in your application code, you can use the decorator like so:</p> <pre><code>from timeout import timeout # Timeout a long running function with the default expiry of 10 seconds. @timeout def long_running_function1(): ... # Timeout after 5 seconds @timeout(5) def long_running_function2(): ... # Timeout after 30 seconds, with the error "Connection timed out" @timeout(30, os.strerror(errno.ETIMEDOUT)) def long_running_function3(): ... </code></pre>
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    1. COBeware that this is not thread-safe: if you're using multithreading, the signal will get caught by a random thread. For single-threaded programs though, this is the easiest solution.
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    2. CONice. Also, it is recommended to decorate the function `wrapper` with `@functools.wraps(func)`
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