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    <p><code>__FILE__</code> is a <a href="http://php.net/manual/en/language.constants.predefined.php" rel="nofollow noreferrer">magic constant</a> containing the full path to the file you are executing. If you are inside an include, its path will be the contents of <code>__FILE__</code>.</p> <p>So with this setup: </p> <p><strong>/folder/random/foo.php</strong><br> </p> <pre><code>&lt;?php echo getcwd() . "\n"; echo dirname(__FILE__) . "\n" ; echo "-------\n"; include 'bar/bar.php'; </code></pre> <p><strong>/folder/random/bar/bar.php</strong> </p> <pre><code>&lt;?php echo getcwd() . "\n"; echo dirname(__FILE__) . "\n"; </code></pre> <p>You get this output: </p> <pre class="lang-none prettyprint-override"><code>/folder/random /folder/random ------- /folder/random /folder/random/bar </code></pre> <p>So <code>getcwd()</code> returns the directory where you started executing, while <code>dirname(__FILE__)</code> is file-dependent.</p> <p>On my webserver, <code>getcwd()</code> returns the location of the file that originally started executing. Using the CLI it is equal to what you would get if you executed <code>pwd</code>. This is supported by the <a href="https://secure.php.net/manual/en/features.commandline.differences.php" rel="nofollow noreferrer">documentation of the CLI SAPI</a> and a comment on the <code>getcwd</code> manual page:</p> <blockquote> <p>the CLI SAPI does - contrary to other SAPIs - NOT automatically change the current working directory to the one the started script resides in. </p> </blockquote> <p>So like: </p> <pre><code>thom@griffin /home/thom $ echo "&lt;?php echo getcwd() . '\n' ?&gt;" &gt;&gt; test.php thom@griffin /home/thom $ php test.php /home/thom thom@griffin /home/thom $ cd .. thom@griffin /home $ php thom/test.php /home </code></pre> <p>Of course, see also the manual at <a href="http://php.net/manual/en/function.getcwd.php" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://php.net/manual/en/function.getcwd.php</a></p> <p><strong>UPDATE</strong>: Since PHP 5.3.0 you can also use the magic constant <code>__DIR__</code> which is equivalent to <code>dirname(__FILE__)</code>.</p>
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    1. COPerfect example is perfect! Thank you!
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Detail views are divided into sections. All the information in the data section comes from columns in the selected row. The other sections display data from other, related rows.

Related data can be related in a to-one or a to-many fashion. Captions of data related in a to-many fashion link to a list view showing a filtered view of the table.

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