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POSkipping and Tearing in Java Animation
 

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    <p>the following code draws a square with two smaller square rotating inside it. whenever you click an arrow on the keyboard, the whole system will move in that direction. however i'm having some problems with the image tearing and at times skipping (its small but still there). i was wondering if anybody knew how i could fix these issues w/o massively altering the code.</p> <pre><code>import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; import static java.awt.Color.*; public class GUI extends JPanel implements ActionListener, KeyListener { int x, y, x1, y1, x2, y2, changeX, changeY, changeX2, changeY2; JFrame frame; Runtime r; public static void main(String[] args) { new GUI(); } public GUI() { try { UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName()); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } setSize(1020,770); setBackground(WHITE); setOpaque(true); setVisible(true); x = 0; y = 0; x1 = 0; y1 = 0; x2 = 0; y2 = 0; changeX=1; changeY=0; changeX2=1; changeY2=0; r = Runtime.getRuntime(); frame = new JFrame(); frame.setSize(1020,819); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frame.setJMenuBar(createMenuBar()); frame.validate(); frame.setBackground(WHITE); frame.addKeyListener(this); frame.setTitle("GUI"); frame.setContentPane(this); frame.setVisible(true); frame.createBufferStrategy(2); Timer t = new Timer(100,this); t.setActionCommand("Draw"); t.start(); repaint(); } public JMenuBar createMenuBar() { JMenuBar menuBar = new JMenuBar(); JMenu fileMenu = new JMenu("File"); JMenuItem save = new JMenuItem("Save"); save.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_S); save.setContentAreaFilled(false); save.setOpaque(false); save.addActionListener(this); JMenuItem load = new JMenuItem("Load"); load.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_L); load.setContentAreaFilled(false); load.setOpaque(false); load.addActionListener(this); JMenuItem quit = new JMenuItem("Quit"); quit.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_Q); quit.setContentAreaFilled(false); quit.setOpaque(false); quit.addActionListener(this); fileMenu.add(save); fileMenu.add(load); fileMenu.addSeparator(); fileMenu.add(quit); fileMenu.setContentAreaFilled(false); fileMenu.setBorderPainted(false); fileMenu.setOpaque(false); JMenu editMenu = new JMenu("Edit"); JMenuItem undo = new JMenuItem("Undo"); undo.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_U); undo.setContentAreaFilled(false); undo.setOpaque(false); undo.addActionListener(this); JMenuItem redo = new JMenuItem("Redo"); redo.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_R); redo.setContentAreaFilled(false); redo.setOpaque(false); redo.addActionListener(this); editMenu.add(undo); editMenu.add(redo); editMenu.setContentAreaFilled(false); editMenu.setBorderPainted(false); editMenu.setOpaque(false); JMenu helpMenu = new JMenu("Help"); JMenuItem controls = new JMenuItem("Controls"); controls.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_C); controls.setContentAreaFilled(false); controls.setOpaque(false); controls.addActionListener(this); JMenuItem about = new JMenuItem("About"); about.setMnemonic(KeyEvent.VK_A); about.setContentAreaFilled(false); about.setOpaque(false); about.addActionListener(this); helpMenu.add(controls); helpMenu.addSeparator(); helpMenu.add(about); helpMenu.setContentAreaFilled(false); helpMenu.setBorderPainted(false); helpMenu.setOpaque(false); menuBar.add(fileMenu); menuBar.add(editMenu); menuBar.add(helpMenu); return menuBar; } public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { g.clearRect(0, 0, 1020, 770); g.setColor(BLACK); g.fillRect(x,y,100,100); g.setColor(RED); g.fillRect(x1,y1,50,50); g.setColor(BLUE); g.fillRect(x2,y2,25,25); g.dispose(); } public void change() { if(x1&gt;=x+50&amp;&amp;changeY==0&amp;&amp;changeX==1) { changeX=0; changeY=1; } else if(y1&gt;=y+50&amp;&amp;changeX==0&amp;&amp;changeY==1) { changeX=-1; changeY=0; } else if(x1&lt;=x&amp;&amp;changeX==-1&amp;&amp;changeY==0) { changeX=0; changeY=-1; } else if(y1&lt;=y&amp;&amp;changeY==-1&amp;&amp;changeX==0) { changeX=1; changeY=0; } x1+=changeX*5; y1+=changeY*5; } public void change2() { if(x2&gt;=x1+25&amp;&amp;changeY2==0&amp;&amp;changeX2==1) { changeX2=0; changeY2=1; } else if(y2&gt;=y1+25&amp;&amp;changeX2==0&amp;&amp;changeY2==1) { changeX2=-1; changeY2=0; } else if(x2&lt;=x1&amp;&amp;changeX2==-1&amp;&amp;changeY2==0) { changeX2=0; changeY2=-1; } else if(y2&lt;=y1&amp;&amp;changeY2==-1&amp;&amp;changeX2==0) { changeX2=1; changeY2=0; } x2+=changeX2*2; y2+=changeY2*2; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { if(e.getActionCommand().equalsIgnoreCase("Draw")) { r.runFinalization(); r.gc(); change(); change2(); repaint(); } } public void keyPressed(KeyEvent e) { if(e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_UP) { if(y-10&gt;=0) { y-=10; y1-=10; y2-=10; } } if(e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_DOWN) { if(y+110&lt;=getHeight()) { y+=10; y1+=10; y2+=10; } } if(e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_LEFT) { if(x-10&gt;=0) { x-=10; x1-=10; x2-=10; } } if(e.getKeyCode()==KeyEvent.VK_RIGHT) { if(x+110&lt;=getWidth()) { x+=10; x1+=10; x2+=10; } } repaint(); } public void keyReleased(KeyEvent e) { } public void keyTyped(KeyEvent e) { } } </code></pre>
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