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    <p>You can try the following command:</p> <pre><code>awk -f a.awk 2.txt 1.txt &gt; 3.txt </code></pre> <p>where <code>a.awk</code> is:</p> <pre><code>BEGIN { FS=OFS="|" } NR==FNR{ a[$1]=$2 next } { if ($1 in a) $(NF+1)=a[$1] else $(NF+1)="NULL" print } </code></pre> <p>with output:</p> <pre><code>CID|UID|Key|sis_URL|bro_URL 1|D000108|RDHQFKQIGNGIED|http://sis.gov/regno=0000870779 1|D000108|RDHQFKQIGNGIED|http://sis.gov/regno=0014992622 1|D000644|RDHQFKQIGNGIED|http://sis.gov/regno=0000870779 1|D000644|RDHQFKQIGNGIED|http://sis.gov/regno=0014992622 1|D002331|RDHQFKQIGNGIED|http://sis.gov/regno=0000870779 1|D002331|RDHQFKQIGNGIED|http://sis.gov/regno=0014992622 11|C024565|WSLDOOZREJYCGB|http://sis.gov/regno=0000107062|http://bro.gov/nmbr=0149 13|C009947|PBKONEOXTCPAFI|http://sis.gov/regno=0000120821|http://bro.gov/nmbr=0119 13|C009947|PBKONEOXTCPAFI|http://sis.gov/regno=0063697187|http://bro.gov/nmbr=0119 </code></pre> <p><strong>Explanation</strong></p> <ul> <li>We read the data in <code>2.txt</code> into the associative array <code>a</code></li> <li>The test <code>NR==FNR</code> is used to match only the first file on the command line, that is the file <code>2.txt</code></li> <li>The <code>next</code> statement is important so that the next rules are not executed for <code>2.txt</code></li> <li>The second rule (the one containing the <code>if</code> test) is then executed only for <code>1.txt</code> but the information from <code>2.txt</code> is still available through the array <code>a</code></li> <li>If the first field matches a field in the first column in <code>2.txt</code>, that is: <code>if ($1 in a)</code>, then we insert that value at the end of the line (<code>NF</code> is the number of fields (that is: columns) read from <code>1.txt</code>)</li> <li>If there is no match, we insert the string <code>"NULL"</code></li> </ul>
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    1. COThank you - the awk script produced the proper result. Have three questions. (a) initially I ran the command with a different file order (1.txt 2.txt). That did not work. Please explain why you ordered the files 2.txt 1.txt. (b) Would you provide a bit of documentation so I can scale this approach to repeat the awk process another 10 times as I incrementally build the final result? (c) How to introduce NULL if a field in the row is blank? Thank you again for a quick, effective solution. I'll mark your solution as answered.
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      1. USJay Gray
    2. CO@JayGray What do you mean by inserting NULL field? You mean at the end of each row that is not matched by a row in `1.txt`?
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    3. CO@JayGray The ordering of the files at the command line is important for `awk`.. It starts with the first argument (the left-most) and processes this file first.. Therefore the program will not work if you change the order..
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