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    <p>The value of a <code>char</code> can be 0-255, where the different characters are mapped to one of these values. The numeric digits are also stored in order <code>'0'</code> through <code>'9'</code>, but they're also not typically stored as the first ten <code>char</code> values. That is, the character <code>'0'</code> doesn't have an ASCII value of <code>0</code>. The char value of <code>0</code> is almost always the <code>\0</code> null character.</p> <p>Without knowing anything else about ASCII, it's pretty straightforward how subtracting a <code>'0'</code> character from any other numeric character will result in the char value of the original character.</p> <p>So, it's simple math:</p> <pre><code>'0' - '0' = 0 // Char value of character 0 minus char value of character 0 // In ASCII, that is equivalent to this: 48 - 48 = 0 // '0' has a value of 48 on ASCII chart </code></pre> <p>So, similarly, I can do integer math with any of the <code>char</code> numberics...</p> <pre><code>(('3' - '0') + ('5' - '0') - ('2' - '0')) + '0') = '6' </code></pre> <p>The difference between <code>3</code>, <code>5</code>, or <code>2</code> and <code>0</code> on the ASCII chart is exactly equal to the face value we typically think of when we see that numeric digit. Subtracting the <code>char '0'</code> from each, adding them together, and then adding a <code>'0'</code> back at the end will give us the char value that represent the char that would be the result of doing that simple math.</p> <p>The code snippet above emulates <code>3 + 5 - 2</code>, but in ASCII, it's actually doing this:</p> <pre><code>((51 - 48) + (53 - 48) - (50 - 48)) + 48) = 54 </code></pre> <p>Because on the ASCII chart:</p> <pre><code>0 = 48 2 = 50 3 = 51 5 = 53 6 = 54 </code></pre>
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    1. POHow does subtracting the character '0' from a char change it into an int?
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    1. CONote that char can be a signed type; 0-255 is only a minimum range and only when plain char is unsigned.
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