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<code>public function function_name(args as string) as string</code> <ul> <li>public is the access definition. public means accessible across the VBA Project</li> <li>function means that is it a function (meaning it is supposed to return something)</li> <li>function_name is the name of a function (can't start with 1 or underscore)</li> <li>args is the local parameter name to be used within the body of function</li> <li>args as String indicates that the function is expecting the <code>args</code> to be of a <code>String</code> type</li> <li> ...) As String indicates that the function will be returning a <code>String</code> data type. So if you have had dimensioned a String type variable you would be able to assign a value to it using the function. </li> </ul> <hr> the standard (default) declaration without explicitly specifying the type to be returned returns a <code>Variant</code> It's the same as declaring a variable without specifying its type. <code>Dim aVariable</code> with is equivalent to <code>Dim aVariable as Variant</code> because <code>Variant</code> is the default type. so the <code>as Variant</code> always exist unless there is a different type specified. And because it's default you do not have to explicitly code it. It's somehow similar to <code>Range("A1").Value</code> and <code>Range("A1")</code> - both are the same because <code>.Value</code> is the default property of a <code>Range</code> object. What happens now is the compiler evaluates what value goes into the <code>aVariable</code> under the hood and assigns that type to the variable. Let's say you have <pre><code>Sub Main() Dim varVariable Dim strVariable As String varVariable = "hello world" strVariable = "hello world" MsgBox "varVariable is of " & TypeName(varVariable) & " type" & vbCrLf & _ "strVariable is of " & TypeName(strVariable) & " type" End Sub </code></pre> Like I've said now both are of <code>String</code> type <img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/wSScQ.png" alt="enter image description here"> <hr> Not sure how familiar with for example C# you are but in C# you declare the return type of a function right after the access modifier ie. <pre><code>public string myFunction(string args) </code></pre> so in VB/VBA the second <code>as String</code> is equal to the first <code>string</code> (right after public) in C# in C# you would use a <code>return</code> keyword while in VBA you replace the <code>return</code> keyword with the function name. Therefore in VBA a very basic sample <pre><code>Public Function ReturnFirst3Characters(args As String) As String ReturnFirst3Characters = IIf(Len(args) > 2, Left(args, 3), args) End Function </code></pre> Function returns first 3 characters of the string you have passed to it (if the string is longer then 3 characters, if not it returns the string you passed to the function)
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1. COGood answer as usual :)
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 USSiddharth Rout

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