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    <p><a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6143100/how-do-i-open-a-file-in-its-default-program-linux">How do I open a file in its default program - Linux</a> should help you with the first part of your question:</p> <pre><code>xdg-open ~/Downloads/$filename </code></pre> <p>As mentioned in other answers, it's best not to trust the output of <code>ls</code> in scripts, especially if you have unusual characters like newlines in your filenames. One way to robustly get a list of filenames in a script is with the <code>find</code> command, and null-delimiting them into a pipe.</p> <p>So to answer your question with a one-liner:</p> <pre><code>find ~/Downloads -maxdepth 1 -type f -printf "%C@ %p\0" | sort -zrn | { read -d '' ts file; xdg-open "$file"; } </code></pre> <p>Breaking it down:</p> <ul> <li>The <code>find</code> command lists files in the <code>~/Download</code> directory, but doesn't descend any deeper into subdirectories. The filenames are printed with the given printf format, which lists a numerical timestamp, followed by a space, followed by a null delimiter. Note the <a href="http://explainshell.com/explain?cmd=find%20~/Downloads%20-maxdepth%201%20-type%20f%20-printf%20%22%25C@%20%25p%5C0%22" rel="nofollow noreferrer">printf format specifiers for <code>find</code></a> are different to those for regular printf</li> <li>The <a href="http://explainshell.com/explain?cmd=sort%20-zrn" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>sort</code> command</a> numerically sorts (-n) the resulting null-delimited list (-z) by the first field (numerical timestamp). Sort order is reversed (-r) so that the latest entry is displayed first</li> <li>The <code>read</code> command reads the timestamp and filename of the first file in the list into the <code>ts</code> and <code>file</code> variables. <code>-d ''</code> tells <code>read</code> to use null delimiters.</li> <li>The file is opened using <code>xdg-open</code>.</li> </ul> <p>Note the <code>read</code> and <code>xdg-open</code> commands are in a <a href="http://tldp.org/LDP/abs/html/special-chars.html#CODEBLOCKREF" rel="nofollow noreferrer">curly bracket inline group</a>, so the <code>file</code> variable is in scope for both. </p>
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