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    <h1>Expecting Valid HTML Output</h1> <p>Here is rough guide to get you started.</p> <ol> <li>Use a HTML5 parsing engine like <a href="http://jsoup.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">jsoup Java HTML Parser</a> <ul> <li>HTML5 specification deals with invalid HTML in a known specified way for predicable results.</li> <li>this parsing engine actually provides HTML modification methods too.</li> </ul></li> <li><p>Parse your HTML something like this:</p> <pre><code>String html = "This is a url http://www.google.com &lt;a href=\"http://www.google.com\" title=\"Go to Google\"&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt;"; Document doc = Jsoup.parseBodyFragment(html); Element body = doc.body(); </code></pre></li> <li>Find all your <strong>text nodes</strong> (non-HTML element bits) <ul> <li>You can find an example of an <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/6594828/406712">jsoup text iterator in this answer</a>.</li> </ul></li> <li>Test to see if the <strong>text</strong> looks like a link (use your regex)</li> <li>Replace the text as indicated in the <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/6594828/406712">same example</a>.</li> <li>Obtain the HTML of the complete <strong>modified</strong> document.</li> <li>Sit back and enjoy.</li> </ol> <h1>Edit 1 - The Crazy World of replacing in Invalid HTML</h1> <p>It seems the author of this question has indicated that the content is <strong>not</strong> valid HTML and requires the <strong>invalid HTML</strong> to be maintained - as such a HTML parser shouldn't be used as any HTML parser would likely output valid HTML when saving.</p> <p>As indicated in my comment to the original question you can use negative look behinds in regex. But only a fool would parse HTML with RegEx - apparently we aren't so here is one possible example.</p> <p><strong>I wouldn't use this in production code - but it answers OP's question</strong></p> <h1>The RegEx</h1> <p>Unfortunately Java doesn't support unlimited look-behinds so I have included the following limits:</p> <ul> <li>Tag name - max of 255 characters</li> <li>Spaces - max of 30 characters</li> <li>Attribute contents (including attributes and values) - max of 4098 characters</li> </ul> <h1>Negative Look-behind</h1> <p><img src="https://www.debuggex.com/i/3K6yUtvMaXs0HQOV.png" alt="Regular expression visualization"> Note that this visualization is incorrect as <code>[\p{L}0-9_.-]</code> was replaced with <code>[A-Z0-9_.-]</code> to get visualisation to work - but <code>\p{L}</code> is technically more correct as "Any Unicode Letter" is possible.</p> <h1>Complete Regex</h1> <pre class="lang-regex prettyprint-override"><code># Negative look-behind (?&lt;! ## N1: Looks like an HTML attribute value inside a HTML tag ### N1: Tag name &lt;[A-Z0-9]{1,255} ### N1: Any HTML attributes and values (?:\s{1,30}[^&lt;&gt;]{0,4098})? ### N1: The begining of a HTML attribute with value \s{1,30} [\p{L}0-9_.-]{1,255} \s{0,30}=\s{0,30} ### N1: Optional HTML attribute quotes ["']? | ## N2: Looks like the start of an HTML tag text content ### N2: Tag name &lt;[A-Z0-9]{1,255}\s{1,30} ### N2: All HTML attributes and values [^&lt;&gt;]{0,4098} ### N2: End of HTML opening tag &gt; ) ## Positive match: The URL value ((?:https?|ftp|file)://[-a-zA-Z0-9+&amp;@\#/%?=~_|!:,.;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&amp;@\#/%=~_|]) </code></pre> <h1>The Java</h1> <pre class="lang-java prettyprint-override"><code>import java.util.*; import java.lang.*; import java.io.*; import java.util.regex.*; class CrazyInvalidHtmlUrlTextFindAndReplacer { public static final String EXAMPLE_TEST = "This is a url http://www.google.com &lt;a href=\"http://www.google.com\" title=\"Go to Google\"&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=\"http://www.google.com\"&gt;http://www.google.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;img src=\"http://www.google.com/image.jpg\"&gt;&lt;div data-url=\"http://www.google.com\"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;"; public static final String EXPECTED_OUTPUT_TEST = "This is a url &lt;a href=\"http://www.google.com\"&gt;http://www.google.com&lt;/a&gt; &lt;a href=\"http://www.google.com\" title=\"Go to Google\"&gt;Google&lt;/a&gt;&lt;a href=\"http://www.google.com\"&gt;http://www.google.com&lt;/a&gt;&lt;img src=\"http://www.google.com/image.jpg\"&gt;&lt;div data-url=\"http://www.google.com\"&gt;&lt;/div&gt;"; public static void main (String[] args) throws java.lang.Exception { System.out.println("Starting our non-HTML search and replace..."); StringBuffer resultString = new StringBuffer(); String subjectString = new String(EXAMPLE_TEST); System.out.println(subjectString); try { Pattern regex = Pattern.compile( "# Negative lookbehind\n" + "(?&lt;!\n" + "## N1: Looks like an HTML attribute value inside a HTML tag\n" + "### N1: Tag name\n" + "&lt;[A-Z0-9]{1,255}\n" + "### N1: Any HTML attributes and values\n" + "(?:\\s{1,30}[^&lt;&gt;]{0,4098})?\n" + "### N1: The begining of a HTML attribute with value\n" + "\\s{1,30}\n" + "[\\p{L}0-9_.-]{1,255}\n" + "\\s{0,30}=\\s{0,30}\n" + "### N1: Optional HTML attribute quotes\n" + "[\"']?\n" + "|\n" + "## N2: Looks like the start of an HTML tag text content\n" + "### N2: Tag name\n" + "&lt;[A-Z0-9]{1,255}\\s{1,30}\n" + "### N2: All HTML attributes and values\n" + "[^&lt;&gt;]{0,4098}\n" + "### N2: End of HTML opening tag\n" + "&gt;\n" + ")\n" + "## Positive match: The URL value\n" + "((?:https?|ftp|file)://[-a-zA-Z0-9+&amp;@\\#/%?=~_|!:,.;]*[-a-zA-Z0-9+&amp;@\\#/%=~_|])", Pattern.CASE_INSENSITIVE | Pattern.UNICODE_CASE | Pattern.COMMENTS); Matcher regexMatcher = regex.matcher(subjectString); while (regexMatcher.find()) { System.out.println("text"); try { // You can vary the replacement text for each match on-the-fly // !!!!!!!!! // @todo Escape the attribute values and content text. // !!!!!!!!! regexMatcher.appendReplacement(resultString, "&lt;a href=\"$1\"&gt;$1&lt;/a&gt;"); } catch (IllegalStateException ex) { // appendReplacement() called without a prior successful call to find() System.out.println("IllegalStateException"); } catch (IllegalArgumentException ex) { // Syntax error in the replacement text (unescaped $ signs?) System.out.println("IllegalArgumentException"); } catch (IndexOutOfBoundsException ex) { // Non-existent backreference used the replacement text System.out.println("IndexOutOfBoundsException"); } } regexMatcher.appendTail(resultString); } catch (PatternSyntaxException ex) { // Syntax error in the regular expression System.out.println("PatternSyntaxException"); System.out.println(ex.toString()); } System.out.println("result:"); System.out.println(resultString.toString()); if (resultString.toString().equals(EXPECTED_OUTPUT_TEST)) { System.out.println("success!!!!"); } else { System.out.println("failure - expected:"); System.out.println(EXPECTED_OUTPUT_TEST); } } } </code></pre> <p>No idea what the performance would be like on this - look-behinds are <strong>expensive</strong> - that's on top of RegEx generally being expensive too.</p>
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    1. POFind All URL That Is Not An HTML Attribute or Content of A Hyperlink Tag
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    1. CO+1. Good to know that Jsoup can be used to separate HTML from non-HTML elements.
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    2. COThere are 2 flaws to this answer (and the mentioned example). 1) It doesn't handle the exclusion case 2. You need to add a check whether TextNode has a parent of type HyperLink (that can be done using JSOUP). 2) It modifies my string to make it a well-formed HTML on parse. Because of this, I have no idea how to get back the original string + modified parts. I need to be able to do this on invalid HTML string as well as valid HTML document. It can't just give me a valid HTML out of my string. It doesn't seem like there is a way to do this with JSOUP from my experience.
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    3. COIn the original question there was (and is currently) **no mention** that the input content was **invalid HTML** and that **you wanted to keep it that way**. Effectively making it "non-HTML" content. If this is the case we cannot go by HTML rules.
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