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    <p>Basically, you can create a "mask" of the original image, which can be generated from the non-opaque portions of the image.</p> <p>So I created two potion images (sure you could use a sprite sheet). One which has an opaque center and one that is transparent (just the outline).</p> <p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/o8zIg.png" alt="Base"><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/3vpOn.png" alt="Outline"></p> <p>From this, I'm able to generate a mask of first image (in the color I want), use subimage to reduce the amount of the image I want to use then render it and the outline</p> <p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/n9qeN.gif" alt="enter image description here"></p> <pre><code>import java.awt.AlphaComposite; import java.awt.BorderLayout; import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Dimension; import java.awt.EventQueue; import java.awt.Graphics; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.awt.GraphicsConfiguration; import java.awt.GraphicsEnvironment; import java.awt.RenderingHints; import java.awt.Transparency; import java.awt.event.ActionEvent; import java.awt.event.ActionListener; import java.awt.image.BufferedImage; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import javax.imageio.ImageIO; import javax.swing.JFrame; import javax.swing.JPanel; import javax.swing.Timer; import javax.swing.UIManager; import javax.swing.UnsupportedLookAndFeelException; public class TestOverlay { public static void main(String[] args) { new TestOverlay(); } public TestOverlay() { EventQueue.invokeLater(new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { try { UIManager.setLookAndFeel(UIManager.getSystemLookAndFeelClassName()); } catch (ClassNotFoundException | InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException | UnsupportedLookAndFeelException ex) { } JFrame frame = new JFrame("Testing"); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frame.setLayout(new BorderLayout()); frame.add(new TestPane()); frame.pack(); frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); frame.setVisible(true); } }); } public class TestPane extends JPanel { private BufferedImage potionBase; private BufferedImage potionOutline; private float value = 1f; public TestPane() { try { potionBase = ImageIO.read(new File("Potion.png")); potionOutline = ImageIO.read(new File("PotionOutline.png")); } catch (IOException ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); } Timer timer = new Timer(40, new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { value = value - 0.01f; if (value &lt; 0) { value = 1f; } repaint(); } }); timer.start(); } @Override public Dimension getPreferredSize() { return potionBase == null ? super.getPreferredSize() : new Dimension(potionBase.getWidth(), potionBase.getHeight()); } @Override protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) { super.paintComponent(g); Graphics2D g2d = (Graphics2D) g.create(); BufferedImage mask = generateMask(potionBase, Color.RED, 1f); int y = (int) (mask.getHeight() * (1f - value)); if (y &lt; mask.getHeight()) { mask = mask.getSubimage(0, y, mask.getWidth(), mask.getHeight() - y); } int x = (getWidth() - mask.getWidth()) / 2; y = y + ((getHeight() - potionOutline.getHeight()) / 2); g2d.drawImage(mask, x, y, this); y = ((getHeight() - potionOutline.getHeight()) / 2); g2d.drawImage(potionOutline, x, y, this); g2d.dispose(); } } public static BufferedImage generateMask(BufferedImage imgSource, Color color, float alpha) { int imgWidth = imgSource.getWidth(); int imgHeight = imgSource.getHeight(); BufferedImage imgMask = createCompatibleImage(imgWidth, imgHeight, Transparency.TRANSLUCENT); Graphics2D g2 = imgMask.createGraphics(); g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_ALPHA_INTERPOLATION_QUALITY); g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_ANTIALIASING, RenderingHints.VALUE_ANTIALIAS_ON); g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_COLOR_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_COLOR_RENDER_QUALITY); g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_DITHERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_DITHER_ENABLE); g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_FRACTIONALMETRICS, RenderingHints.VALUE_FRACTIONALMETRICS_ON); g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_INTERPOLATION, RenderingHints.VALUE_INTERPOLATION_BILINEAR); g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_RENDERING, RenderingHints.VALUE_RENDER_QUALITY); g2.setRenderingHint(RenderingHints.KEY_STROKE_CONTROL, RenderingHints.VALUE_STROKE_PURE); g2.drawImage(imgSource, 0, 0, null); g2.setComposite(AlphaComposite.getInstance(AlphaComposite.SRC_IN, alpha)); g2.setColor(color); g2.fillRect(0, 0, imgSource.getWidth(), imgSource.getHeight()); g2.dispose(); return imgMask; } public static BufferedImage createCompatibleImage(int width, int height, int transparency) { BufferedImage image = getGraphicsConfiguration().createCompatibleImage(width, height, transparency); image.coerceData(true); return image; } public static GraphicsConfiguration getGraphicsConfiguration() { return GraphicsEnvironment.getLocalGraphicsEnvironment().getDefaultScreenDevice().getDefaultConfiguration(); } } </code></pre> <p>Now, having gone through the problem, what I should have done was simply create a "filled" potion and a "empty" potion (whose inner container is empty) and simply used the same process of generating a sub image (of the filled jar) instead of generating the mask...but it was fun working up to it ;)</p> <p>Basically, what this means, is the "empty" jar can be completely transparent (except for the outline) and you can paint "within" it...</p> <p>This is based on the concept of tinting an image as demonstrated <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14225518/tinting-image-in-java-improvement/14225857#14225857">here</a></p>
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    1. POHow to overlap java graphics and an Image and make it look nice?
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    1. COI don't quite understand what a couple of those things do: the setRenderingHint in Graphics2D? Also, the generateMask with the parameter 1f?
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    2. CORendering hints change the state of the `Graphics` context allowing to customise the context to your needs. Because the generation of the mask can produce rough edges, I push the `Graphics` context to a high level of quality (personal preference). The `1f` effects the alpha level of the mask. Making it `1f` makes it completely opaque. I use this method to do things like tint images and generate drop shadow effects, so I like to turn down the alpha value
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    3. COAlright, so the 1f is like saying 255 in ints for the alpha? I forgot about hexcode, is that what that is?
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