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    <p>If I am interpreting this format correctly you have a binary file format with fixed-length records. Some of these records are not character data (COBOL computational fields?)</p> <p>So, you will have to read the records using a more low-level approach processing individual fields of each record:</p> <pre><code>import java.io.*; public class Record { private byte[] kdgex = new byte[2]; // COMP private byte[] b1code = new byte[2]; // COMP private byte[] b1number = new byte[8]; // DISPLAY // other fields public void read(DataInput data) throws IOException { data.readFully(kdgex); data.readFully(b1code); data.readFully(b1number); // other fields } public void write(DataOutput out) throws IOException { out.write(kdgex); out.write(b1code); out.write(b1number); // other fields } } </code></pre> <p>Here I've used byte arrays for the first three fields of the record but you could use other more suitable types where appropriate (like a <code>short</code> for the first field with <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/DataInputStream.html#readShort%28%29" rel="nofollow">readShort</a>.) <em>Note: my interpretation of the field widths is likely wrong; it is just an example.</em></p> <p>The <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/DataInputStream.html" rel="nofollow">DataInputStream</a> is generally used as a <a href="http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/io/DataInput.html" rel="nofollow">DataInput</a> implementation.</p> <p>Since all characters in the source and target encodings use a one-octet-per code point you should be able to transcode the character data fields using a method like this:</p> <pre><code>public static byte[] transcodeField(byte[] source, Charset from, Charset to) { byte[] result = new String(source, from).getBytes(to); if (result.length != source.length) { throw new AssertionError(result.length + "!=" + source.length); } return result; } </code></pre> <p><em>I suggest tagging your question with COBOL (assuming that is the source of this format) so that someone else can speak with more authority on the format of the data source.</em></p>
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    1. COAs Bill Woodger pointed out in his comments... An IBM COBOL S9(04) COMP field is a two byte 2's complement big-endian binary number with the sign in the leftmost bit. An S9(08) COMP is similar but occupies 4 bytes.
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    2. CO@NealB thanks for the correction
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