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    <blockquote> <p>It looks like I'm just going to have to defeat this problem via some very tedious method of character extraction and toppering for each string.</p> </blockquote> <p>Converting the individual strings to upper case and comparing them is not made particularly worse by being restricted from using algorithm, iterator, etc. The comparison logic is about four lines of code. Even though it would be nice not to have to write those four lines having to write a sorting algorithm is far more difficult and tedious. (Well, assuming that the usual C version of <code>toupper</code> is acceptable in the first place.)</p> <p>Below I show a simple <code>strcasecmp()</code> implementation and then put it to use in a complete program which uses restricted libraries. The implementation of <code>strcasecmp()</code> itself doesn't use restricted libraries.</p> <pre><code>#include &lt;string&gt; #include &lt;cctype&gt; #include &lt;iostream&gt; void toupper(std::string &amp;s) { for (char &amp;c : s) c = std::toupper(c); } bool strcasecmp(std::string lhs, std::string rhs) { toupper(lhs); toupper(rhs); return lhs &lt; rhs; } // restricted libraries used below #include &lt;algorithm&gt; #include &lt;iterator&gt; #include &lt;vector&gt; // Example usage: // &gt; ./a.out &lt;&lt;&lt; "C d A b" // A b C d int main() { std::vector&lt;std::string&gt; input; std::string word; while(std::cin &gt;&gt; word) { input.push_back(word); } std::sort(std::begin(input), std::end(input), strcasecmp); std::copy(std::begin(input), std::end(input), std::ostream_iterator&lt;std::string&gt;(std::cout, " ")); std::cout &lt;&lt; '\n'; } </code></pre>
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    1. POHow to order strings case-insensitively (not lexicographically)?
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    1. COI'm not familiar with the for-each syntax. Does for( char &c : s ) mean "for each character in the string s"?
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      1. USVictor Brunell
    2. CO@Caulibrot Yes. It's C++11 syntax and it does the same thing as `for (int i=0; i<s.size(); ++i) s[i] = std::toupper(s[i]);`
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