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    <p>in the past I have used manually coded ints (effectively an enum).</p> <p>For example:</p> <pre><code>// "GAME" application state sub states; private int GAMESTATE; private static final int INTRO = 0; private static final int PLAYING = 1; private static final int OUTRO = 2; </code></pre> <p>then based on the value of GAMESTATE I could control the branching of the game code.</p> <p>My preferred way of creating states though is to make a state manager class which allow instanciation of a new state at need, and can control what states are active, as well as what valid state to state movement is allowed (for example allow <code>intro</code> state to <code>play</code> state but not <code>intro</code> state to victory <code>state</code>)</p> <p>(an example of something similar is located <a href="http://blog.nuclex-games.com/tutorials/cxx/game-state-management/" rel="nofollow">here</a> for C++ but it is trivial to implement the same functionality in java based on that code:)</p> <p>I have just found an old set of my code which has the following (forgive the formatting it is from about 10 years ago, and designed for minimal line count layout):</p> <p><strong>GameStateManager.java</strong></p> <pre><code>import java.awt.Image; import java.awt.Graphics2D; import java.util.*; public class GameStateManager { public static final String EXIT_GAME = "_ExitGame"; private Map gameStates; private Image defaultImage; private GameState currentState; private InputManager inputManager; private boolean done; public GameStateManager(InputManager inputManager, Image defaultImage) { this.inputManager = inputManager; this.defaultImage = defaultImage; gameStates = new HashMap(); } public void addState(GameState state) { gameStates.put(state.getName(), state); } public Iterator getStates() { return gameStates.values().iterator(); } public void loadAllResources(ResourceManager resourceManager) { Iterator i = getStates(); while (i.hasNext()) { GameState gameState = (GameState)i.next(); gameState.loadResources(resourceManager); } } public boolean isDone() { return done; } public void setState(String name) { // clean up old state if (currentState != null) { currentState.stop(); } inputManager.clearAllMaps(); if (name == EXIT_GAME) { done = true; } else { // set new state currentState = (GameState)gameStates.get(name); if (currentState != null) { currentState.start(inputManager); } } } public void update(long elapsedTime) { // if no state, pause a short time if (currentState == null) { try { Thread.sleep(100); } catch (InterruptedException ex) { } } else { String nextState = currentState.checkForStateChange(); if (nextState != null) { setState(nextState); } else { currentState.update(elapsedTime); } } } public void draw(Graphics2D g) { if (currentState != null) { currentState.draw(g); } // if no state, draw the default image to the screen else { g.drawImage(defaultImage, 0, 0, null); } } } </code></pre> <p><strong>GameState.java</strong> (Interface)</p> <pre><code>import java.awt.Graphics2D; public interface GameState { public String getName(); // Returns the name of a state to change to if this state is // ready to change to another state, or null otherwise. public String checkForStateChange(); // Loads any resources for this state. This method is called // in a background thread before any GameStates are set. public void loadResources(ResourceManager resourceManager); // Initializes this state and sets up the input manager public void start(InputManager inputManager); // Performs any actions needed to stop this state. public void stop(); // Updates world, handles input. public void update(long elapsedTime); // Draws to the screen. public void draw(Graphics2D g); } </code></pre> <p>You will also need an implementation of an <code>InputManager</code> and a <code>ResourceManager</code>, but hopefully this helps you a bit:)</p> <p>Let me know if you need more info as there are a couple of ways to do this.</p>
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