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    <p>Django's models gives a convenience method called <a href="https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/dev/ref/models/querysets/#get-or-create" rel="nofollow"><code>get_or_create</code></a>, which looks up for an object based on specified criteria (in <code>kwargs</code>). If the criteria do not match, a new object is created.</p> <p>Now, there is no way for us to determine in the view if the object returned was created or pre-existing (especially if you dont have a <code>created_datetime</code> or similar field), hence the <code>created</code>. It is a boolean variable, which is set to <code>True</code> if a new object was created by the ORM, and set to <code>False</code> if an existing object was retrieved. </p> <p>Now, in your scenario:</p> <pre><code>obj, created = Person.objects.get_or_create(first_name=’John’, last_name=’Lennon’, defaults={’birthday’: date(1940, 10, 9)}) </code></pre> <p>This is saying, get me the <code>Person</code> object with <code>first_name = John, last_name = Lennon, birthday = ...</code></p> <p>If this is not found, create a new one for me. </p> <p>The <code>defaults</code> specify the initial value of the field <code>birthday</code> while creating the object in this scenario.</p> <p>This is also equivalent of writing</p> <pre><code>obj = None try: obj = Person.objects.get(first_name=’John’, last_name=’Lennon’) except Person.DoesNotExist: obj = Person.objects.create(’birthday’ = date(1940, 10, 9), first_name='John', last_name = 'Lennon') </code></pre> <p>In the signal's receiver, <code>kwargs</code> is a dictionary with custom key-value pairs. When you look at the signals' documentation, lets say <code>post_save</code> has the following signature</p> <pre><code>django.db.models.signals.post_save post_save(sender, instance, created, raw, using, update_fields) </code></pre> <p>This s the same as</p> <pre><code>post_save(sender, **kwargs) #where the rest of the args are a dictionary saved in **kwargs </code></pre> <p>Here, <code>created</code> has a similar meaning. It is notifying the signal whether <code>instance</code> was newly created, or updated. </p> <p>So, if <code>created = True</code>, new object was created. <code>created=False</code>, object was probably updated. </p>
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    1. COThank you for your answer. Could you please also explain to me, what does `if kwargs.get("created", False):` mean, as in the edit?
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    2. COEdited the answer..
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    3. COSo, does it mean, that when an article is created do something, or else the default value is is False?
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