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    <p>You can use these technologies, but you need to be smart about it, and you can't just generalize that any given technology sandbags accessibility. </p> <p>If you're developing for a web site, #1 tool you need is the Firefox Developer Toolbar add-on. In the Tools menu, there is a selection called "Validate Section 508" (which is a set of guidelines for accessibility). This is a quick n dirty way to get a laundry list of "what's broken" on your site, pertaining to accessibility.</p> <p>Beyond that, there are plenty of resources on the web with specific advice on how to design for accessibility. It's almost a fully robust sub-discipline on it's own. Most of it has to do with providing well-formed HTML. (appropriate and useful alt text for images, designing with colors that provide adequate contrast, accommodating colorblindness, use of table descriptions, make the the site navigable by keyboard (no mouse), correct descriptions on form fields, etc.)</p> <p>Now; drink deeply, from the Firehose of Knowledge. . . . Here is a list of resources: Implementing Federal Accessibility Web Standards (1194.22)</p> <p>(a) A text equivalent for every non-text element shall be provided (e.g., via "alt", "longdesc", or in element content). <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(a)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(a)</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse2.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse2.htm</a></p> <p>Related Information</p> <p>Creating Accessible Graphics (WEBAIM) <a href="http://www.webaim.org/techniques/images/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/techniques/images/</a></p> <p>Appropriate Use of Alternative Text <a href="http://www.webaim.org/techniques/alttext/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/techniques/alttext/</a></p> <p>Describing Illustrations, Diagrams, Maps, Tables, Charts, and Graphs <a href="http://www.w3.org/2000/08/nba-manual/Overview.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.w3.org/2000/08/nba-manual/Overview.html</a></p> <p>Guidelines on alt texts in img elements <a href="http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/html/alt.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.cs.tut.fi/~jkorpela/html/alt.html</a></p> <p>Example of D link <a href="http://www.consideration.org/technology/accessexamples/dlinksample.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.consideration.org/technology/accessexamples/dlinksample.html</a> (b) Equivalent alternatives for any multimedia presentation shall be synchronized with the presentation. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(b)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(b)</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse6.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse6.htm</a></p> <p>Related Information</p> <p>Captioning for the Web (WEBAIM) <a href="http://www.webaim.org/techniques/captions/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/techniques/captions/</a> (Includes tutorials on captioning in Quicktime, Windows Media, RealPlayer, and MAGpie)</p> <p>Caption Resource List <a href="http://webaim.org/resources/captioning/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://webaim.org/resources/captioning/</a> MAGPIE (NCAM) <a href="http://ncam.wgbh.org/webaccess/magpie/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://ncam.wgbh.org/webaccess/magpie/</a> Synchronized Multimedia: SMIL (W3C) <a href="http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.w3.org/AudioVideo/</a> Accessibility Features of SMIL (W3C) <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/SMIL-access/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.w3.org/TR/SMIL-access/</a></p> <p>Creating Accessible Flash (WEBAIM) <a href="http://www.webaim.org/techniques/flash/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/techniques/flash/</a></p> <p>Accessibility Techniques for Flash (Macromedia) <a href="http://www.adobe.com/accessibility/products/flash/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.adobe.com/accessibility/products/flash/</a> (c) Web pages shall be designed so that all information conveyed with color is also available without color, for example from context or markup. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(c)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(c)</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse7.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse7.htm</a></p> <p>Related Information Effective Color Contrast <a href="http://www.lighthouse.org/color_contrast.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.lighthouse.org/color_contrast.htm</a></p> <p>Vischeck <a href="http://www.vischeck.com/vischeck/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.vischeck.com/vischeck/</a> Barrier-free presentation that is friendly to colorblind people <a href="http://jfly.iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp/html/color_blind/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://jfly.iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp/html/color_blind/</a> Visual Disabilities <a href="http://www.webaim.org/articles/visual/colorblind.php" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/articles/visual/colorblind.php</a></p> <p>(d) Documents shall be organized so they are readable without requiring an associated style sheet. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(d)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(d)</a></p> <p><a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourseb.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourseb.htm</a></p> <p>Related Information</p> <p>Accessibility Features of CSS (W3C) <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS-access" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS-access</a> </p> <p>Cascading Style Sheets (W3C) <a href="http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.w3.org/Style/CSS/</a></p> <p>CSS Validator (W3C) <a href="http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/</a> </p> <p>(e) Redundant text links shall be provided for each active region of a server-side image map. (f) Client-side image maps shall be provided instead of server-side image maps except where the regions cannot be defined with an available geometric shape. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(e)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(e)</a> <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(f)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(f)</a> <a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse5.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse5.htm</a> (g) Row and column headers shall be identified for data tables. (h) Markup shall be used to associate data cells and header cells for data tables that have two or more logical levels of row or column headers. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(g)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(g)</a> <a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse9.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse9.htm</a> Related Information How to Create Accessible Tables (WEBAIM) <a href="http://www.webaim.org/techniques/tables/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/techniques/tables/</a></p> <p>Accessible Table Builder (Accessify) <a href="http://accessify.com/tools-and-wizards/accessibility-tools/table-builder/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://accessify.com/tools-and-wizards/accessibility-tools/table-builder/</a> A tool that allows you to choose what table properties you want, how many rows and columns, and takes care of the accessibility mark-up for you.</p> <p>(i) Frames shall be titled with text that facilitates frame identification and navigation. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(i)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(i)</a> <a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse4.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse4.htm</a> Related Information How to Create Accessible Frames <a href="http://www.webaim.org/techniques/frames/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/techniques/frames/</a> (j) Pages shall be designed to avoid causing the screen to flicker with a frequency greater than 2 Hz and lower than 55 Hz. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(j)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(j)</a> <a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse7.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse7.htm</a> (k) A text-only page, with equivalent information or functionality, shall be provided to make a web site comply with the provisions of these standards, when compliance cannot be accomplished in any other way. The content of the text-only page shall be updated whenever the primary page changes. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(k)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(k)</a> <a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse7.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse7.htm</a> (l) When pages utilize scripting languages to display content, or to create interface elements, the information provided by the script shall be identified with functional text that can be read by assistive technology. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(l)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(l)</a> <a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcoursea.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcoursea.htm</a> Related Information Creating Accessible JavaScript (WEBAIM) <a href="http://www.webaim.org/techniques/javascript/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/techniques/javascript/</a> Keyboard Accessibility (WEBAIM) <a href="http://www.webaim.org/techniques/keyboard/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/techniques/keyboard/</a> JavaScript Accessibility Issues (TRACE Center) <a href="http://trace.wisc.edu/world/java/jseval.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://trace.wisc.edu/world/java/jseval.htm</a> Scripts (IBM) <a href="http://www-03.ibm.com/able/guidelines/web/webscripts.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www-03.ibm.com/able/guidelines/web/webscripts.html</a> (m) When a web page requires that an applet, plug-in or other application be present on the client system to interpret page content, the page must provide a link to a plug-in or applet that complies with §1194.21(a) through (l). <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(m)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(m)</a></p> <p>Software Applications and Operating Systems (1194.21) <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.21.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.21.htm</a></p> <p>Related Information:</p> <p>Java Accessibility (IBM) <a href="http://www-03.ibm.com/able/guidelines/java/accessjava.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www-03.ibm.com/able/guidelines/java/accessjava.html</a></p> <p>Sun Microsystems Accessibility Program <a href="http://www.sun.com/access/index.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.sun.com/access/index.html</a> (n) When electronic forms are designed to be completed on-line, the form shall allow people using assistive technology to access the information, field elements, and functionality required for completion and submission of the form, including all directions and cues. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(n)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(n)</a> <a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse8.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse8.htm</a> Related Information How to Create Accessible Forms (WEBAIM) <a href="http://www.webaim.org/techniques/forms/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/techniques/forms/</a> Accessible HTML/XHTML Forms (Accessify.com) <a href="http://www.accessify.com/features/tutorials/forms/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.accessify.com/features/tutorials/forms/</a> Multiple Input Form Fields (Accessify.com) <a href="http://www.accessify.com/features/tutorials/multiple-inputs/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.accessify.com/features/tutorials/multiple-inputs/</a> Quick Form Builder (Accessify.com) <a href="http://www.accessify.com/tools-and-wizards/accessibility-tools/quick-form-builder/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.accessify.com/tools-and-wizards/accessibility-tools/quick-form-builder/</a> This tool lets that helps you build forms with the necessary HTML mark-up for accessibility.</p> <p>(o) A method shall be provided that permits users to skip repetitive navigation links. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(o)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(o)</a> <a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse4.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse4.htm</a> Related Information</p> <p>Skip Navigation Links (WEBAIM) <a href="http://www.webaim.org/techniques/skipnav/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/techniques/skipnav/</a></p> <p>Skip Navigational Links (Jim Thatcher.com) <a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/skipnav.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/skipnav.htm</a> (p) When a timed response is required, the user shall be alerted and given sufficient time to indicate more time is required. <a href="http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(p)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.access-board.gov/sec508/guide/1194.22.htm#(p)</a> <a href="http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse7.htm" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.jimthatcher.com/webcourse7.htm</a></p> <p>More Information on Making Web Sites and Content Accessible W3C Web Accessibility Initiative Resources <a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/Resources/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.w3.org/WAI/Resources/</a> Making Educational Software and Web Sites Accessible Design Guidelines Including Math and Science Solutions <a href="http://ncam.wgbh.org/cdrom/guideline/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://ncam.wgbh.org/cdrom/guideline/</a> 508 Universe (Includes a course on designing accessible websites) <a href="http://www.section508.gov/index.cfm?FuseAction=Content&amp;ID=5" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.section508.gov/index.cfm?FuseAction=Content&amp;ID=5</a> Accessibility Tools and Wizards <a href="http://www.accessify.com/tools-and-wizards/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.accessify.com/tools-and-wizards/</a></p> <p>Testing Web Sites for Accessibility Testing for Web Accessibility Compliance Under Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (Department of Education) <a href="http://www.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/assisttesting.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/assisttesting.html</a></p> <p>508 Checklist (WEBAIM) <a href="http://www.webaim.org/standards/508/checklist" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.webaim.org/standards/508/checklist</a></p> <p>Evaluating Web sites for Accessibility (W3C) <a href="http://www.w3.org/WAI/eval/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.w3.org/WAI/eval/</a></p> <p>Free Testing Tools The Wave <a href="http://www.wave.webaim.org/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.wave.webaim.org/</a></p> <p>Web Accessibility Toolbar (Internet Explorer) <a href="http://www.paciellogroup.com/resources/wat-ie-about.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.paciellogroup.com/resources/wat-ie-about.html</a> </p> <p>Web Developer Toolbar (Firefox) <a href="http://chrispederick.com/work/web-developer/" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://chrispederick.com/work/web-developer/</a></p> <p>For more information about the Department of Education’s Assistive Technology Program, please visit: <a href="http://www.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/assistivetech.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer">http://www.ed.gov/policy/gen/guid/assistivetech.html</a> The links referenced in this document include those that are created and maintained by other public and private organizations and are provided for the user's convenience. The U.S. Department of Education does not control or guarantee the accuracy, relevance, timeliness or completeness of information from these sources. Further, the inclusion of links in this document is not intended to reflect their importance, nor is it intended to endorse any views expressed or products or services offered, or the organizations sponsoring the sites. Last Updated on July 17, 2009</p>
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