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POSSL TrustManager setup on lower Android APIs
 

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    <p>I have an app communicating with a HTTPS RPC.<br> The HTTP server is using a CAcert signed certificate.</p> <p>I'm using a custom TrustManager for validating the certificate.</p> <ul> <li>Because I can not be sure, CAcert is included in all devices' trusted key store.</li> <li>Because I want to allow only CAcert to sign a certificate for this connection.</li> </ul> <p>However, I'm following Google's <a href="https://developer.android.com/training/articles/security-ssl.html#UnknownCa" rel="nofollow">best practices</a>. The only thing I changed is:</p> <ul> <li>Load the CAcert root certificate from a static byte[] instead a file</li> <li>Replace the last part, where the example code loads a file, with <code>HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory());</code>. There is a JSONRPC2 API on top of the UrlConnection.</li> </ul> <p>Devices tested:</p> <ul> <li>working on Nexus 4 / mako running API18 / CM10.2</li> <li>working on API18 emulator</li> <li>working on API17 emulator</li> <li>working on API14 emulator</li> <li><strong>not working</strong> on a HTC G2 running API10 / CM7.* </li> <li><strong>not working</strong> on API8 emulator</li> </ul> <p>On low API devices it fails verifying the certificate during SSL handshake.<br> When trying to load <code>https://google.com</code> with this <code>TrustManager</code> on API18, it fails as expected because no trust anchor could be found.<br> So basically, this code should work and all of the methods are API1...<br> I know, that UrlConnection was broken on some lower APIs.</p> <p>How do I fix this?</p> <p>Code:</p> <pre><code>/** * Trust only CAcert's CA. CA cert is injected as byte[]. Following best practices from * https://developer.android.com/training/articles/security-ssl.html#UnknownCa */ private static void trustCAcert() { try { // Load CAs from an InputStream CertificateFactory cf = CertificateFactory.getInstance("X.509"); ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(CACERTROOTDER); Certificate ca; try { ca = cf.generateCertificate(is); Log.d(TAG, "ca=", ((X509Certificate) ca).getSubjectDN()); } finally { is.close(); } // Create a KeyStore containing our trusted CAs String keyStoreType = KeyStore.getDefaultType(); KeyStore keyStore = KeyStore.getInstance(keyStoreType); keyStore.load(null, null); keyStore.setCertificateEntry("ca", ca); // Create a TrustManager that trusts the CAs in our KeyStore String tmfAlgorithm = TrustManagerFactory.getDefaultAlgorithm(); TrustManagerFactory tmf = TrustManagerFactory.getInstance(tmfAlgorithm); tmf.init(keyStore); // Create an SSLContext that uses our TrustManager SSLContext sslContext = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); sslContext.init(null, tmf.getTrustManagers(), null); HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory( sslContext.getSocketFactory()); // added for testing only URL u = new URL( "https://myremoteapiurlsignedwiththesamecert.com/v1/doc.html"); HttpsURLConnection con = (HttpsURLConnection) u.openConnection(); con.setSSLSocketFactory(sslContext.getSocketFactory()); BufferedReader r = new BufferedReader( new InputStreamReader( con.getInputStream())); // the exception is thrown here // because verification fails String l; while ((l = r.readLine()) != null) { Log.d(TAG, "l: ", l); } } catch (IOException e) { // none of the exceptions is thrown during setup Log.e(TAG, "IOException", e); } catch (CertificateException e) { Log.e(TAG, "CertificateException", e); } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) { Log.e(TAG, "NoSuchAlgorithmException", e); } catch (KeyStoreException e) { Log.e(TAG, "KeyStoreException", e); } catch (KeyManagementException e) { Log.e(TAG, "KeyManagementException", e); } } </code></pre> <p>Logs:</p> <pre><code>APIUtils D ca=OID.1.2.840.113549.1.9.1=#1612737570706F7274406361636572742E6F7267, CN=CA Cert Signing Authority, OU=http://www.cacert.org, O=Root CA E IOException E javax.net.ssl.SSLException: Not trusted server certificate E at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.OpenSSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(OpenSSLSocketImpl.java:371) E at org.apache.harmony.luni.internal.net.www.protocol.http.HttpConnection.getSecureSocket(HttpConnection.java:168) E at org.apache.harmony.luni.internal.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl$HttpsEngine.connect(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:399) E at org.apache.harmony.luni.internal.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpURLConnectionImpl.java:1152) E at org.apache.harmony.luni.internal.net.www.protocol.https.HttpsURLConnectionImpl.getInputStream(HttpsURLConnectionImpl.java:253) E at de.terminbuddy.android.network.APIUtils.trustCAcert(APIUtils.java:294) E at de.terminbuddy.android.network.APIUtils.initRpcSession(APIUtils.java:243) E at de.terminbuddy.android.network.APIUtils.runRPC(APIUtils.java:323) E at de.terminbuddy.android.network.AsyncJSONRPCTask.doInBackground(AsyncJSONRPCTask.java:55) E at de.terminbuddy.android.network.AsyncJSONRPCTask.doInBackground(AsyncJSONRPCTask.java:17) E at android.os.AsyncTask$2.call(AsyncTask.java:185) E at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask$Sync.innerRun(FutureTask.java:305) E at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:137) E at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1068) E at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:561) E at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:1096) E Caused by: java.security.cert.CertificateException: java.security.cert.CertPathValidatorException: Could not validate certificate signature. E at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(TrustManagerImpl.java:168) E at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.OpenSSLSocketImpl.startHandshake(OpenSSLSocketImpl.java:366) E ... 15 more E Caused by: java.security.cert.CertPathValidatorException: Could not validate certificate signature. E at org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.PKIXCertPathValidatorSpi.engineValidate(PKIXCertPathValidatorSpi.java:342) E at java.security.cert.CertPathValidator.validate(CertPathValidator.java:202) E at org.apache.harmony.xnet.provider.jsse.TrustManagerImpl.checkServerTrusted(TrustManagerImpl.java:164) E ... 16 more E Caused by: java.security.SignatureException: Signature was not verified. E at org.apache.harmony.security.provider.cert.X509CertImpl.fastVerify(X509CertImpl.java:601) E at org.apache.harmony.security.provider.cert.X509CertImpl.verify(X509CertImpl.java:544) E at org.bouncycastle.jce.provider.PKIXCertPathValidatorSpi.engineValidate(PKIXCertPathValidatorSpi.java:337) E ... 18 more </code></pre>
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