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    <p>The best key manager implementation depends on the issuer of the certificates you expect to be using.</p> <p>If the certificate on the user's CAC will <em>always</em> be issued by a specific CA, simply store that issuer's certificate and any intermediate certificates further up the chain in a PKCS&nbsp;#7 file. In the <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/javax/net/ssl/X509KeyManager.html#getCertificateChain(java.lang.String)" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>getCertificateChain()</code></a> method, this collection can be appended blindly to the user's certificate and returned.</p> <p>If things aren't quite that simple, but a complete list of possible issuers can be enumerated, obtain all of their certificates, and <em>their</em> issuer's certificates, and so on, up to the root certificates.</p> <p>Add all of the root certificates to a key store as trusted entries. Bundle the intermediate certificates in a PKCS-#7&ndash;format file.</p> <p>Implement <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/javax/net/ssl/X509KeyManager.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>X509KeyManager</code></a> (or extend <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/javax/net/ssl/X509ExtendedKeyManager.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>X509ExtendedKeyManager</code></a> if you're working with <code>SSLEngine</code>). Specifically, in the <code>getCertificateChain()</code> method, you'll use a <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/security/cert/CertPathBuilder.html" rel="nofollow noreferrer"><code>CertPathBuilder</code></a> to create a valid chain from the user's certificate to a trusted root. The <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/security/cert/X509CertSelector.html#setCertificate(java.security.cert.X509Certificate)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">target</a> is the certificate that you load from the user's CAC with the <code>alias</code> parameter. The <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/security/cert/PKIXBuilderParameters.html#PKIXBuilderParameters(java.security.KeyStore,%20java.security.cert.CertSelector)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">trusted roots</a> are the certificates in trust store that you created; the intermediate certificates can be <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/security/cert/CertificateFactory.html#generateCertificates(java.io.InputStream)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">loaded</a> from the PKCS&nbsp;#7 file and <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/security/cert/PKIXParameters.html#addCertStore(java.security.cert.CertStore)" rel="nofollow noreferrer">added to the builder parameters.</a> Once the chain is built, <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/security/cert/CertPathBuilderResult.html#getCertPath()" rel="nofollow noreferrer">get the certificate path</a> and <a href="http://java.sun.com/javase/6/docs/api/java/security/cert/CertPath.html#getCertificates()" rel="nofollow noreferrer">convert it</a> to an array. This is the result of the <code>getCertificateChain()</code> method.</p> <p>If you can't predict who will be issuing the user's certificate, you might be able to obtain the intermediate certificates at runtime from an LDAP directory or other repository. That's a whole new level of difficulty.</p>
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    1. POSending Complete Chain from Common Access Card (CAC)?
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    1. COIf you know the intermediates and control the server you're connecting to then you can add needed intermediates to the server configuration instead of changing the client.
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      1. USMartin Paljak
    2. COPossibly. It depends on the server. When a server is misconfigured with an incomplete chain, it isn't unreasonable for clients to treat it as a bug. Likewise, it is reasonable to have the same expectation for client authentication. In this question, the poster has indicated that they control the client, and has asked for help in implementing a key manager—an approach that satisfies the expectation to provide a complete chain.
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    3. COThanks for the feedback. I'm going to try this out with a regular socket and then figure out how to insert the same change into the Axis2 configuration.
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