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    <p>You are asking for voice identification or voice verification, which is one of the many uses of voice analysis. Beware, <strong>voice identification is far from perfect</strong>.</p> <p>You would first need training data and algorithms, from which you would deduce statistical models for your speaker. Later, in the recognition/verification phase, you would try to fit input data against your statistical models and determine the threshold, which decides if the speaker is known or not. Some keywords if you would go about implementing this by yourself or just looking for more technical info are <strong>Mel frequency cepstral coefficients, Gaussian mixture models and Hidden markov models</strong>.</p> <p>An interesting tool might be <strong><a href="http://www.fon.hum.uva.nl/praat/" rel="nofollow">Praat</a></strong>. It's not available as library directly, but people at ICSI have written a wrapper called <a href="http://www.icsi.berkeley.edu/icsi/groups/speech/software" rel="nofollow">praatlib</a>. It extracts speech features such as <strong>formant frequency, pitch</strong>, and some more. ICSI used it for distinguishing between speakers within a recording (this is called diarization).</p> <p>There are quite some free tools available, but all require an in-depth understanding of statistics, speech analysis and extensive amount of time in order to understand typically underdocumented academic code. Some interesting projects you should take a look at are <strong><a href="http://cmusphinx.sourceforge.net/" rel="nofollow">Sphinx</a> (Java) and <a href="http://shout-toolkit.sourceforge.net/" rel="nofollow">SHoUT</a> (C++)</strong>. Sphinx has good documentation, and SHoUT has a dissertation you can read if you find yourself questioning theoretical details.</p>
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