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Like Hong Ooi pointed out, your fields are separated by ';', not ','. Function read.csv has default value sep="," while read.csv2 has default sep=";". If I understood correctly, your fields Authors and Keywords are separated by ',' and you wish to separate these as well. I do not think you could have a list type of items in columns Authors and Keywords in a data.frame, as the column of a data.frame cannot be a list. If a list is given to a data.frame, it is broken down to its column components. In your case it will not work as there will be a varying number of authors and/or keywords: <pre><code># Works data.frame(a=list(first=1:3, second=letters[1:3]), b=list(first=4:6, second=LETTERS[1:3])) # a.first a.second b.first b.second #1 1 a 4 A #2 2 b 5 B #3 3 c 6 C # Does not work data.frame(a=list(first=1:3, second=letters[1:2]), b=list(first=4:6, second=LETTERS[1:6])) #Error in data.frame(first = 1:3, second = c("a", "b"), check.names = FALSE, : # arguments imply differing number of rows: 3, 2 </code></pre> But since a list may contain lists, you could try break the data frame down to such. Contents of 'example.txt': <pre><code>ID;Year;Title;Authors;Keywords; 1;2013;Towards Dynamic Non-obtrusive Health Monitoring Based on SOA and Cloud;Mohammed Serhani, Abdelghani Benharret, Erlabi Badidi;E-health, Diseases, Monitoring, Prevention, SOA, Cloud, Platform, m-tech; 2;1234;Title2;Author1, Author2;Key1, Key2, Key3; 3;5678;Title3;Author3, Author4, Author5;Key1, Key2, Key4; </code></pre> Here is an example of how to do it: <pre><code>x <- scan("example.txt", what="", sep="\n", strip.white=TRUE) y <- strsplit(x, ";") # Leave out the header dat <- y[-1] # Apply a function to every element inside the highest level list dat <- lapply(dat, FUN=function(x) { # Splits in authors and keywords list ret <- strsplit(x, ","); # Remove leading and trailing whitespace ret <- lapply(ret, FUN=function(z) gsub("(^ +)|( +$)", "", z)); # Assign names to all the fields names(ret)<-unlist(y[1]); ret } ) </code></pre> Output: <pre><code>> str(dat) List of 3 $ :List of 5 ..$ ID : chr "1" ..$ Year : chr "2013" ..$ Title : chr "Towards Dynamic Non-obtrusive Health Monitoring Based on SOA and Cloud" ..$ Authors : chr [1:3] "Mohammed Serhani" "Abdelghani Benharret" "Erlabi Badidi" ..$ Keywords: chr [1:8] "E-health" "Diseases" "Monitoring" "Prevention" ... $ :List of 5 ..$ ID : chr "2" ..$ Year : chr "1234" ..$ Title : chr "Title2" ..$ Authors : chr [1:2] "Author1" "Author2" ..$ Keywords: chr [1:3] "Key1" "Key2" "Key3" $ :List of 5 ..$ ID : chr "3" ..$ Year : chr "5678" ..$ Title : chr "Title3" ..$ Authors : chr [1:3] "Author3" "Author4" "Author5" ..$ Keywords: chr [1:3] "Key1" "Key2" "Key4" # Keywords of first item > dat[[1]]$Keywords [1] "E-health" "Diseases" "Monitoring" "Prevention" "SOA" [6] "Cloud" "Platform" "m-tech" # Title of second item > dat[[2]][[3]] [1] "Title2" # Traveling inside the list of lists, accessing the very last data element > lastitem <- length(dat) > lastfield <- length(dat[[lastitem]]) > lastkey <- length(dat[[lastitem]][[lastfield]]) > dat[[lastitem]][[lastfield]][[lastkey]] [1] "Key4" </code></pre> Notice that lists of lists may be an inefficient way to store data in R, so if you have lots of data you may want to move to a more efficient method, e.g. relational database structure where the access key is your ID, assuming it is unique.
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1. POCreating a data frame from a CSV file with embedded lists
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1. USTeemu Daniel Laajala
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