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    <p>There are two kinds of libraries:</p> <ul> <li><p>Import libraries:<br> These libraries only list where to find references to variables/functions/etc., but they don't <em>contain</em> the code itself.</p></li> <li><p>"Normal" libraries (which contain object files that contain machine code):<br> These libraries contain object files, which contain the actual machine code.</p></li> </ul> <p>The libraries that ship with an operating system are generally import libraries.<br> The actual code, after all, is in the operating system itself; the import libraries merely tell you how to use the code provided in the operating system.<br> Why is this necessary? Because there is no way for a program to "discover" the libraries available on an operating system <em>while it is running</em>, so the program has to <em>know</em> what will be available <em>when it is compiled</em>. </p> <p>Those that come with a compiler are generally code libraries; they contain code that the compiler requires (which varies depending on your particular compiler) in order to comple your program.</p> <p>However, there is no single "standard format" for a library; Microsoft uses COFF, but *nix tools use ELF.<br> So when Microsoft ships the import libraries for a system, it only ships them in COFF format, which is great for the Visual C++ compiler -- but not so useful for other compilers. </p> <p>This causes compiler vendors such as MinGW to be forced to create their <em>own</em> import libraries for the operating systems which they intended to target -- the <em>purpose</em> of these libraries is exactly the same as as those provided by the operating system vendor (such as Microsoft), but their <em>format</em> is different.</p> <p>That's why you see seemingly similar libraries provided in multiple ways.</p>
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    1. POCompiler Libraries vs. Operating System Libraries
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    1. COYou said that compilers usually come with code libraries, however later you said that because there is no single accepted format so compiler vendors have to create their own import libraries, this seems contradictory, could you elaborate?
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      1. USDavid Hackett
    2. CO@DavidHackett: *Code* libraries virtually come with compilers, because virtually every compiler needs to add additional pre-compiled code to the program to make it run properly. *Import* libraries are only usually shipped with compilers (such as MinGW GCC) that don't understand the format (such as COFF) provided by the operating system vendor (such as Microsoft).
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    3. COThank you for the clarification! :)
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