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    <p>Didzis' answer is great! Just to wrap it up a little bit, I put it into its own function that behaves a lot like <code>qqmath.ranef.mer()</code> and <code>dotplot.ranef.mer()</code>. In addition to Didzis' answer, it also handles models with multiple correlated random effects (like <code>qqmath()</code> and <code>dotplot()</code> do). Comparison to <code>qqmath()</code>:</p> <pre><code>require(lme4) ## for lmer(), sleepstudy require(lattice) ## for dotplot() fit &lt;- lmer(Reaction ~ Days + (Days|Subject), sleepstudy) ggCaterpillar(ranef(fit, condVar=TRUE)) ## using ggplot2 qqmath(ranef(fit, condVar=TRUE)) ## for comparison </code></pre> <p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/3Zutl.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p> <p>Comparison to <code>dotplot()</code>:</p> <pre><code>ggCaterpillar(ranef(fit, condVar=TRUE), QQ=FALSE) dotplot(ranef(fit, condVar=TRUE)) </code></pre> <p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/1B2Rx.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p> <p>Sometimes, it might be useful to have different scales for the random effects - something which <code>dotplot()</code> enforces. When I tried to relax this, I had to change the facetting (see this <a href="https://stackoverflow.com/a/3685496">answer</a>).</p> <pre><code>ggCaterpillar(ranef(fit, condVar=TRUE), QQ=FALSE, likeDotplot=FALSE) </code></pre> <p><img src="https://i.stack.imgur.com/HLmV8.jpg" alt="enter image description here"></p> <pre><code>## re = object of class ranef.mer ggCaterpillar &lt;- function(re, QQ=TRUE, likeDotplot=TRUE) { require(ggplot2) f &lt;- function(x) { pv &lt;- attr(x, "postVar") cols &lt;- 1:(dim(pv)[1]) se &lt;- unlist(lapply(cols, function(i) sqrt(pv[i, i, ]))) ord &lt;- unlist(lapply(x, order)) + rep((0:(ncol(x) - 1)) * nrow(x), each=nrow(x)) pDf &lt;- data.frame(y=unlist(x)[ord], ci=1.96*se[ord], nQQ=rep(qnorm(ppoints(nrow(x))), ncol(x)), ID=factor(rep(rownames(x), ncol(x))[ord], levels=rownames(x)[ord]), ind=gl(ncol(x), nrow(x), labels=names(x))) if(QQ) { ## normal QQ-plot p &lt;- ggplot(pDf, aes(nQQ, y)) p &lt;- p + facet_wrap(~ ind, scales="free") p &lt;- p + xlab("Standard normal quantiles") + ylab("Random effect quantiles") } else { ## caterpillar dotplot p &lt;- ggplot(pDf, aes(ID, y)) + coord_flip() if(likeDotplot) { ## imitate dotplot() -&gt; same scales for random effects p &lt;- p + facet_wrap(~ ind) } else { ## different scales for random effects p &lt;- p + facet_grid(ind ~ ., scales="free_y") } p &lt;- p + xlab("Levels") + ylab("Random effects") } p &lt;- p + theme(legend.position="none") p &lt;- p + geom_hline(yintercept=0) p &lt;- p + geom_errorbar(aes(ymin=y-ci, ymax=y+ci), width=0, colour="black") p &lt;- p + geom_point(aes(size=1.2), colour="blue") return(p) } lapply(re, f) } </code></pre>
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