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    <p>XSLT 1.0:</p> <pre><code>&lt;xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/XSL/Transform" &gt; &lt;!-- index Description elements by their text value --&gt; &lt;xsl:key name="kDescription" match="Description" use="text()" /&gt; &lt;xsl:template match="/"&gt; &lt;output&gt; &lt;!-- process all Description elements... --&gt; &lt;xsl:apply-templates select="Problems/Problem/Description"&gt; &lt;!-- ...sorted by their own text value, ascending --&gt; &lt;xsl:sort select="text()" /&gt; &lt;!-- pass in the File value that we want to filter for --&gt; &lt;xsl:with-param name="file" select="'file1'" /&gt; &lt;/xsl:apply-templates&gt; &lt;/output&gt; &lt;/xsl:template&gt; &lt;xsl:template match="Description"&gt; &lt;xsl:param name="file" select="''" /&gt; &lt;!-- check if the current Description node is the first in its respective group, that has a File value we care for --&gt; &lt;xsl:if test=" $file != '' and generate-id() = generate-id(key('kDescription', .)[../File = $file][1]) "&gt; &lt;!-- for the sake of simplicity, just make a copy here --&gt; &lt;xsl:copy-of select="." /&gt; &lt;/xsl:if&gt; &lt;/xsl:template&gt; &lt;/xsl:stylesheet&gt; </code></pre> <p>With this input:</p> <pre><code>&lt;Problems&gt; &lt;Problem&gt; &lt;File&gt;file1&lt;/File&gt; &lt;Description&gt;desc1&lt;/Description&gt; &lt;/Problem&gt; &lt;Problem&gt; &lt;File&gt;file1&lt;/File&gt; &lt;Description&gt;desc2&lt;/Description&gt; &lt;/Problem&gt; &lt;Problem&gt; &lt;File&gt;file2&lt;/File&gt; &lt;Description&gt;desc3&lt;/Description&gt; &lt;/Problem&gt; &lt;Problem&gt; &lt;File&gt;file2&lt;/File&gt; &lt;Description&gt;desc1&lt;/Description&gt; &lt;/Problem&gt; &lt;Problem&gt; &lt;File&gt;file1&lt;/File&gt; &lt;Description&gt;desc2&lt;/Description&gt; &lt;/Problem&gt; &lt;/Problems&gt; </code></pre> <p>I get:</p> <pre><code>&lt;output&gt; &lt;Description&gt;desc1&lt;/Description&gt; &lt;Description&gt;desc2&lt;/Description&gt; &lt;/output&gt; </code></pre> <p>A brief explanation of the part of the stylesheet that does the heavy lifting:</p> <pre><code>$file != '' and generate-id() = generate-id(key('kDescription', .)[../File = $file][1]) </code></pre> <p>The first part is obvious - it's just there to make sure that a <code>$file</code> filter string was passed in.</p> <p>The second part is plain Muenchian grouping with a little twist. It compares the IDs of two nodes, the current one (<code>generate-id()</code>) and one from the <code>kDescription</code> group, filtered by <code>$file</code> value. </p> <p><code>kDescription</code> indexes <code>&lt;Description&gt;</code> elements by their text value, which means that nodes with the same text but a different accompanying <code>&lt;File&gt;</code> will be returned by the call to <code>key()</code>. We need to filter them out.</p> <p>If the current node is equal to the first node of the group that has the right <code>&lt;File&gt;</code> value, the test succeeds and something gets printed, otherwise nothing happens.</p>
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    1. COThank you so very much for your prompt and useful answer. I really have so much to learn here. The XSL key being something that is defying me, also. Perhaps you could shed light here, as well: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/1621507/why-dont-all-xslt-templates-get-executed-at-once Thank you again, Matt.
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    2. COHi Matt, glad to help. Regarding the xsl:key, I have written something up in my answer here (http://stackoverflow.com/questions/948218/xslt-3-level-grouping-on-attributes/955527#955527) that might help you understand. Read the lower part of my answer, understanding the question is not necessary in this case. I'm going to have a look at your other question now.
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    3. COI see there is an answer there already. Ask if you still require further explanation. :)
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