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    <p>I handle file metadata on the database and retrive the files with a UUID. What i do is:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Content based identification</strong> <ol> <li>MD5 from file's content</li> <li>Namespaced UUID:v5 to generate unique identifier based on user's uuid and file's md5. </li> <li>Custom function to generate path based on 'realname'.</li> <li>Save on the database: uuid, originalname (the uploaded name), realname (the generated name), filesize, and mime. (optional dateAdded, and md5)</li> </ol></li> <li><strong>File retrival.</strong> <ol> <li>UUID to retrive metadata.</li> <li>regenerate filepath based on realname.</li> <li>Originalname is used to show a familiar name to the user that downloads the file.</li> </ol></li> </ol> <p>I process the file's name assigning it a namespaced UUID as the database primary key, and Generate the path based on User and filename. The precondition is that your user has a uuid assigned to him. The following code will help you avoid id collisions on the database, and help you identify files by its contents (If you ever need to have a way to spot duplicate content and not necesarily filenames).</p> <pre><code>$fileInfo = pathinfo($_FILE['file']['name']); $extension = (isset($fileInfo['extension']))?".".$fileInfo['extension']:""; $md5Name = md5_file($_FILE['file']['tmp_name']); //you could use other hash algorithms if you are so inclined. $realName = UUID::v5($user-&gt;uuid, $md5Name) . $extension; //UUID::v5(namespace, value). </code></pre> <p>I use a function to generate the filepath based on some custom parameteres, you could use $username and $realname. This is helpful if you implement a distributed folder structure which you might have partitioned on file naming scheme, or any custom scheme.</p> <pre><code>function generateBasePath($realname, $customArgsArray){ //Process Args as your requirements. //might as well be "$FirstThreeCharsFromRealname/" //or a checksum that helps you decide which drive/volume/mountpoint to use. //like some files on the local disk and some other from an Amazon::S3 mountpoint. return $mountpoint.'/'.$generatedPath; } </code></pre> <p>As an added bonus this also:</p> <ol> <li>helps you maintain a versioned file repository if you add an attribute on the file's record of which file (uuid) it has replaced.</li> <li>create a application Access Control List if you add an attributes of 'owner' and/or 'group'</li> <li>also works on a single folder structure.</li> </ol> <p>Note: I used php's $_FILE as an example of the file source based on this question's tags. It can be from any file source or generated content.</p>
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