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    <p>This is because of the little <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endianness" rel="noreferrer">endianness</a> of your machine. See <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.bitconverter.islittleendian.aspx" rel="noreferrer"><code>BitConverter.IsLittleEndian</code></a> property to check this.</p> <p>Basically, numbers are stored in reverse byte order, compared to how you would write them down. We write the most significant number on the left, but the (little endian) PC stores the <strong>least</strong> significant byte on the left. Thus, the result you're getting is really <code>0xBEBAFECA</code> (3199925962 decimal) and not what you expected.</p> <p>You can convert using bit shifting operations:</p> <pre><code>uint value = (f2[0] &lt;&lt; 24) | (f2[1] &lt;&lt; 16) | (f2[2] &lt;&lt; 8) | f2[3]; </code></pre> <p>There are many more ways to convert, including <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/x1886wea.aspx" rel="noreferrer"><code>IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder</code></a> as I4V pointed out, <code>f2.Reverse()</code>, etc.</p> <p>For your specific code, I believe this would be most practical:</p> <pre><code>uint num = (uint)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(in_.ReadInt32()); </code></pre> <p>This may result in an arithmetic underflow however, so it may cause problems with a <a href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/khy08726%28v=vs.110%29.aspx" rel="noreferrer"><code>/checked</code> compiler option or <code>checked</code> keyword</a> (neither are very common).</p> <p>If you want to deal with these situations and get even cleaner code, wrap it in an extension method:</p> <pre><code>public static uint ReadUInt32NetworkOrder(this BinaryReader reader) { unchecked { return (uint)IPAddress.NetworkToHostOrder(reader.ReadInt32()); } } </code></pre>
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    2. CO@I4V I keep forgetting about that method. Whoever put that in the `IPAddress` class... Unfortunately there is no UInt32 version of the method, so that will require some extra fiddling.
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