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POPerformance: search for values and return the sub arrays' key
 

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  1. POPerformance: search for values and return the sub arrays' key
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    <p>Given an array like: </p> <pre><code>$nouns = array( "man" =&gt; array("men"), "octopus" =&gt; array("octopi", "octopuses"), "ox" =&gt; array("oxen") ); </code></pre> <p>Consisting of approximately 3000 singular - plural pairs, how would one get the singular (the key) the most efficiently, by calling, for example, <code>array_search_loosely($nouns, "men")</code>?</p> <p>I then expect to receive an array with the value "man".</p> <p>I have tried four different approaches:</p> <p><strong>Original</strong> (which uses the function <code>array_is_assoc</code>, which is rather self-explanatory and irrelevant to the situation)</p> <pre><code>function array_search_loosely($array, $values, $compare_keys = false) { $values = is_array($values) ? $values : array($values); foreach($array as $item_key =&gt; $item) { if (is_array($item)) { $return_key = true; foreach($values as $value_key =&gt; $value) { if (!in_array($value, $item)) { $return_key = false; break; } elseif($compare_keys === true and array_is_assoc($values)) { if (!in_array($value_key, array_keys($item, $value))) { $return_key = false; break; } } } if ($return_key === true) { $item_keys[] = $item_key; } } elseif(!is_array($values)) { if ($item === $values) { $item_keys[] = $item_key; } } } return (isset($item_keys))? $item_keys : false; } </code></pre> <p><strong>Second approach</strong>:</p> <pre><code>function array_search_loosely($array, $values, $compare_keys = false) { $keys = array_keys(array_filter($array, function($item) use ($values, $compare_keys) { return (!is_array($item) and $item === $values) or (is_array($item) and each_in_array($item, array_create($values), $compare_keys)); })); return !empty($keys) ? $keys : false; } function each_in_array($array, $values, $compare_keys = false) { return $compare_keys === false ? count(array_uintersect($values, $array, function($item1, $item2) { return $item1 === $item2 ? 0 : ($item1 &gt; $item2 ? 1 : -1); })) == count($values) : count(array_uintersect_assoc($values, $array, function($item1, $item2) { return $item1 === $item2 ? 0 : ($item1 &gt; $item2 ? 1 : -1); })) == count($values); } </code></pre> <p>I chose to use <code>array_uintersect</code>, to also allow arrays to be <code>$items</code>, because if I was to use array_intersect, notices would be generated for each array <code>$item</code>. This choice allows <code>each_in_array()</code> to check for array <code>$values</code> as well.</p> <p>Also, the third optional parameter <code>$compare_keys</code> is not relevant for this situation, but is in other situations where I use the function.</p> <p>The third and fourth approaches were mixtures of the preceding. At this point my original approach would still be the fastest, but when I run my function on a few hundred or thousand words, the operation will still cost several tens of seconds. Any suggestions on how to improve the performance of getting a plurals singular in this situation?</p>
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    1. CO"I then expect to receive an array with the value "man"." - is this vital? wouldn't a string be more useful?
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    2. COSometimes two singulars have the same plural, which means multiple keys should be returned. (data, datum => data) Also, this is especially vital in other applications of the function.
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